test 3 review

Functions of the Skeletal System

Includes support, movement, protection, mineral and fat storage, hematopoiesis, and a hormonal role.

Intramembranous Ossification

Bone forms directly from mesenchymal tissue, occurring in flat bones like the skull.

Endochondral Ossification

Bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage, occurring in most bones including long bones.

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell production, which occurs in red bone marrow.

Compact Bone

Dense and strong bone tissue that contains osteons (Haversian systems), housing blood vessels and nerves.

Spongy Bone

Lighter and porous bone tissue that contains trabeculae, supporting red bone marrow.

Osteoblasts

Bone-forming cells that produce bone matrix.

Osteoclasts

Bone-resorbing cells that break down bone matrix.

Synovial Joints

Joints that contain a fluid-filled cavity and allow a wide range of motion.

Cartilaginous Joints

Joints connected by cartilage, lacking a joint cavity.

Fibrous Joints

Immovable or slightly movable joints connected by dense connective tissue.

Sutures

Immovable joints found in the skull, characterized by interlocking wavy edges.

Bony Callus Formation

Stage of bone repair where osteoblasts form new bone at the fracture site.

Osteoporosis

A condition characterized by reduced bone mass, increasing fracture risk, common in postmenopausal women.

Pelvic Girdle

Consists of two hip bones (coxal bones) that articulate with the sacrum.

Articular Cartilage

Hyaline cartilage covering bone ends in synovial joints, reducing friction.

The Axial Skeleton

Consists of 80 bones, including the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage, providing protection and support.

Epiphyseal Plate

Growth plate in growing bones that allows for longitudinal growth.

Joint Stability

Depends on factors such as articular surface shape, ligaments, and muscle tone.