BACE Exam Practice Test

What is an example of a product easily found in nature?

Antibiotic

In a biotechnology lab, what is tap water is best used for?

Washing glassware.

What is the order of amino acids on a polypeptide chain encoded by?

mRNA

How do DNA molecules vary from one species to another?

Number of genes and non-coding regions.

What is agar?

Solid media on which bacteria grow.

What part of an amino acid differs from one to the other?

R group

How can colorless proteins be monitored during electrophoresis?

PAGE loading dye.

Which of the following is an mRNA codon?

a. ATA

b. UAU

c. Tyrosine

d. All of the above

UAU

What is the purpose for SDS during electrophoresis?

Denature the proteins and give them a negative charge.

Which governmental agency regulates biopharmaceutical products for human use?

Food & Drug Administration (FDA)

What are the most common molecules in cells?

Proteins.

Glucose is a ____.

Monosaccharide.

Where does translation occur in prokaryotes?

At the ribosomes.

What is the process of making RNA from DNA?

Transcription.

What is the process by which RNA is decoded and polypeptides are formed?

Translation.

What is autonomously replicating small circles of DNA present in some bacteria called?

Plasmids

What are modifications of DNA in an organism called?

Genetic engineering.

Parkinson's, diabetes, and cystic fibrosis (CF) are examples of _____.

Genetic disorders.

What is an organism that does not have nucleus or membrane bound organelle, so DNA is contained in cytoplasm?

Prokaryotes.

What helps researchers measure the amount of protein present?

Concentration assays.

What determines the amount and length of activity for a given enzyme or drug in a test organism?

Potency assay.

What are the tests that show if a specific enzyme or drug is present and conducting the expected reaction called?

Activity assay.

What is the highly specific test to determine protein concentration based on a particular antigen-antibody interaction?

ELISA

Tests used for understanding the relationship between dosage and activity of a given pharmaceutical drug are called what?

PK/PD assays.

What are the tests for determining the presence or a particular characteristic of a protein of interest?

Assay.

What is an aqueous solution that yields hydrogen ion when ionized?

Acid.

What is a solution that resists changes in pH?

Buffer.

What is the measurement of the concentration of hydrogen ion in a sample?

pH

What is the separation of molecules on or through a stationary phase?

Chromatography

What is the quantitative study of electromagnetic spectra deals with visible light, near- ultraviolet, and near-infrared light sources?

Spectrophotometry

What is the form of liquid chromatography used to separate compounds that are dissolved in

solution? Instruments consist of a reservoir of mobile phase, a pump, an injector, a separation

column, and a detector.

HPLC

What is defined as "the moles of solute per liter of solution"?

Molarity

What is the use of an electric field to separate DNA in agarose?

Electrophoresis.

What is the process of correcting mutations which cause genetic diseases and disorders by delivering therapeutic DNA into a patient's cells?

Gene therapy.

What is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products?

Biotechnology.

What is the combination of DNA from different sources in one molecule?

Recombinant DNA.

Part of one strand of a DNA molecule has the following code: 5' ATG CCC GTG TTA AAA TGT GGG ATC CCC GGT GTG CCC TTA 3' What is the sequence of the antisense strand (3' to 5')?

3' TAC GGG CAC AAT TTT ACA CCC TAG GGG CCA CAC GGG AAT 5'

Part of a structural gene has the code 5' TAC CCC ATG GGG TAA GGC GTC 3' What is its mRNA transcript?

5' AUG GGG UAC CCC AUU CCG CAG 3'

Name the SI units for distance, mass, and temperature.

Distance = Meter (M) Mass = Kilogram (Kg) Temperature = Kelivn (K)

Define the prefix Kilo.

One thousand (1,000)

Define the prefix centi.

One hundredth (0.01)

Define the prefix mega.

One million (1,000,000)

Define the prefix deci.

One tenth (0.1)

Convert 4500 C to Kelvin.

723.150 Kelvin (add 273.15)

How many moles are in 25 grams of water?

1 mole H2O = 18.0 g H2O

(25 g H2O) (1 mol H2O/18.0 g H2O) = 1.39 moles

How many grams are in 4.5 moles of Li2O?

1 mole Li2O = 29.90 g Li2O

(4.500 mol Li2O)(29.90 g Li2O/ 1 mol Li2O) = 134.6 g Li2O

How many molecules are in 23 moles of oxygen?

1 mole oxygen molecules = 6.02 x 1023 oxygen molecules

(23.0 mol O2)( 6.02 x 1023 O2 molecules/ 1 mol O2) = 1.38 x 1025 O2 molecules

How many moles are in 3.4 x 1023 molecules of H2SO4?

1 mole of anything = 6.02 x 1023 of anything

(3.4 x 1023 molecules H2SO4)(1 mol H2SO4/ 6.02 x 1023 molecules H2SO4) = 0.56 mol H2SO4

How many molecules are in 25 grams of NH3?

1moleNH3 =17.0gNH3 23

1 mole of anything = 6.02 x 10 of anything

(25.0 g NH3)( 1 mol NH3/ 17.0 g NH3)( 6.02 x 1023 molecules NH3/1 mol NH3) = 8.85 x 1023 molecules NH3

In aerobic respiration carbohydrates are ultimately broken down into what?

CO2

Most ATP in eukaryotic cells is produced in the _____.

Mitochondria.

Most ATP produced in aerobic respiration occurs in the process of ____.

Chemiosmosis

In aerobic respiration, the energy in 1 mole of glucose is capable of producing how many ATP molecules?

38 x (6.02 x 1023) molecules of ATP

Products of glycolysis include ______.

Pyruvate, ATP, NADH

In glycolysis the most reduced compound formed is _____.

Pyruvate.

In glycolysis, the activation of glucose is accomplished by ______.

ATP

What are the products of the Kreb's cycle?

CO2, NADH, FADH2.

The final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration is _____.

O2

In the presence of oxygen, all cells synthesize ATP via the process of glycolysis. Many cells also can metabolize pyruvate, if oxygen is not present, via the process of _____.

Fermentation.

The net result of the breakdown of glucose in glycolysis and fermentation is the production of _____.

2 ATP.

Which stage of aerobic respiration requires ATP?

Glycolysis

Which of the following stages of aerobic respiration requires CO2?

Glycolysis

Krebs cycle

Electron transport chain Fermentation

None of the above.

Which stage of aerobic respiration produces ATP and NADH and releases CO2?

Krebs cycle

The high concentration of protons in the inner mitochondrial space relative to the mitochondrial matrix represents _____.

Potential energy.

As protons flow through the ______ , energy is released and exploited to combine ADP and inorganic phosphate to form ATP.

ATP Synthase