Studied by 1 person
Lipid
organic compounds that provide long- term energy storage in living organisms; includes fats, oils, waxes, and steroids.
Aldehyde
a substituted hydrocarbon in which the replacement by an oxygen atom of a pair of hydrogen atoms at the end of a hydrocarbon chain forms a carbonyl group (C= O)
Alcohol
a substituted hydrocarbon in which a hydroxyl group (OH) replaces a hydrogen atom.
Structural formula
a drawing depicting the composition and arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
Ketone
a substituted hydrocarbon in which a pair of hydrogen atoms bonded to a carbon atom other than those at the end of the carbon chain are replaced by an oxygen atom, forming a carbonyl group (C= O)
Carbohydrate
an organic compound comprised of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms that is the basic energy source for living organisms.
Hydrocarbon
an organic compound consisting of only hydrogen and carbon atoms.
Isomer
any of a group of compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures.
Amino acid
a class of organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins.
Polymer
a large molecule formed by linking smaller molecules, called monomers.
Benzene
a six- carbon unsaturated hydrocarbon ring with the electrons from the C- C bonds equally distributed among the carbon atoms.
Nucleic acid
________: a biochemical polymer that encodes, stores, and provides instructions for cellular processes.
Protein
the building block for muscle, blood, skin, and hair in humans and animals.
single bonds
Saturated hydrocarbon: a hydrocarbon that has only ________ between its carbon atoms.
Organic chemistry
the study of the composition, structure, and properties of carbon- containing compounds.
Monomer
a simple molecule that can link with other monomers to form large molecules called polymers.
Nucleotide
any of a group of biochemical molecules that act as the monomers to make ________.
organic chemistry
the study of the composition, structure, and properties of carbon-containing compounds
organic compound
a covalently bonded compound containing carbon
branched chain
an organic molecule with carbon atoms connected to each other in such a way as to create more than one chain of carbons
straight chain
an organic molecule consisting of a single continuous series of any number of carbon atoms bonded to each other
ring
an organic molecule made by connecting the two ends of a carbon chain
hydrocarbon
an organic compound consisting of only hydrogen ad carbon atoms
structural formula
a drawing depicting the composition and arrangement of atoms in a molecule
saturated hydrocarbon
a hydrocarbon that has only single bonds between its carbon atoms
unsaturated hydrocarbon
a hydrocarbon that has at least one double or triple bond between its carbon atoms
aromatic hydrocarbon
an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one benzene structure
benzene
a six-carbon unsaturated hydrocarbon ring with the electrons from the C-C bonds equally distributed among the carbon atoms
isomer
any of a group of compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures
substituted hydrocarbon
a hydrocarbon in which at least one of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced with another atom or group of atoms
functional group
an atom or group of atoms that replaces a hydrogen atom to form a substituted hydrocarbon
alcohol
a substituted hydrocarbon in which a hydroxyl group (OH) replaces a hydrogen atom
Typical Properties
higher boiling points and greater solubility
Name
alcohols identified by the -ol ending
aldehyde
a substituted hydrocarbon in which the replacement by an oxygen atom of a pair of hydrogen atoms at the end of a hydrocarbon chain forms a carbonyl group (C=O)
Typical Properties
vary depending on the hydrocarbon to which the carbonyl group is attached
ketone
a substituted hydrocarbon in which a pair of hydrogen atoms bonded to a carbon atom other than those at the end of the carbon chain are replaced by an oxygen atom, forming a carbonyl group (C=O)
Typical Properties
greater solubility in water than their unsubstituted counterparts
Name
ketones identified by the -one ending
polymer
a large molecule formed by linking smaller molecules, called monomers
monomer
a simple molecule that can link with other monomers to form large molecules called polymers
carbohydrate
an organic compound comprised of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms that is the basic energy source for living organisms
protein
a biochemical polymer made of amino acids
amino acid
a class of organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins
lipid
organic compounds that provide long-term energy storage in living organisms; includes fats, oils, waxes, and steroids
nucleic acid
a biochemical polymer that encodes, stores, and provides instructions for cellular processes
nucleotide
any of a group of biochemical molecules that act as the monomers to make nucleic acids
organic compound
a covalently bonded compound containing carbon
branched chain
an organic molecule with carbon atoms connected to each other in such a way as to create more than one chain of carbons
straight chain
an organic molecule consisting of a single continuous series of any number of carbon atoms bonded to each other
ring
an organic molecule made by connecting the two ends of a carbon chain
saturated hydrocarbon
a hydrocarbon that has only single bonds between its carbon atoms
unsaturated hydrocarbon
a hydrocarbon that has at least one double or triple bond between its carbon atoms
aromatic hydrocarbon
an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one benzene structure
substituted hydrocarbon
a hydrocarbon in which at least one of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced with another atom or group of atoms
functional group
an atom or group of atoms that replaces a hydrogen atom to form a substituted hydrocarbon
Note 
Flashcard (69)