The Iberians and the Celts: Early Peoples Before English

Flashcards based on key concepts from the lecture notes about the Iberians and Celts and their influence on early European and British history.

Who were the Iberians?

The Iberians were early inhabitants of the Iberian Peninsula, known to have lived in modern Spain and Portugal as early as 3000 B.C.

What characterized the Iberians?

They were dark-skinned tribes known for Stone Age cave paintings, such as those found in the Altamira cave.

What impact did the Celts have in Britain?

The Celts were the first major settlers in Britain and Ireland, influencing culture, language, and society.

What languages did the Celts speak?

The Celts spoke Celtic languages, including Gaelic (Irish, Scots Gaelic, Manx) and a British branch (Welsh, Cornish, Breton).

What notable structure did Celtic society have?

Celtic society had a simple structure consisting of commoners (plebs), soldiers (equites), and druids (religious leaders).

How did the Romans interact with the Celts?

The Romans invaded Britain, leading to trade but also conflict, including a major revolt led by Queen Boudicca around 60 A.D.

What influence did Christianity have on the Celts?

Christianity spread among the Celts, particularly in Ireland, with figures like Saint Patrick helping to organize cities and monasteries.

What role did contact play in language development?

Languages develop through contact between peoples; English developed from centuries of invasions, migrations, and occupations.

What are some groups that influenced early Britain?

The Iberians, Celts, Romans, Germanic tribes, Vikings, and Normans were key groups that influenced early Britain.

What evidence shows early multiculturalism in Britain?

The interactions of the Iberians and Celts demonstrate that Europe and Britain were culturally diverse long before English emerged.