heart and Circulation

what does the heart do?

Pumps blood into 2 vessel circuits simultaneously

• Right side goes to lungs (pulmonary circuit)

• Left side goes everywhere else (systemic circuit)

what are the 4 chambers of the heart?

The upper atria (singular: atrium)

• recieve blood from body or lungs

The lower ventricles

**WHere is deoxygenated blood pumped into?

Right atrium from the vena Cavas to the ventricles, pulmonary trunk, to the arteries, to the lunhgs

**Where is oxygenated blood pumped into?

Into left atria

What do the heart valves do?

keep blood from going backwards

Where is the tricuspid valve?

On the ride side

Where is the bicuspid valve?

left side

**What is systole?

The heart muscle contracting

**what is diastole?

the heart muscle relaxing

• when ventricles fill with blood = end of diastole volume

**what is stroke volume?

The blood being pumped out of ventricle

What is the end of systolic volume?

The remaining blood being pumped out

**what is the math equation for blood stuff

EDV= SV + ESV

**how many mililiters are in a liter?

1,000

Average beats per minute:

70bpm

***What are some heart conditions?

Tachycardia: over 100 bpm

Flutter: over 200 bpm

Bradycardia: under 60 bpm

Fibirilation: no constantelectric activity

**Types of systoles

Isovolumetric constriction

• volume doesn’t change

  • If volume doesn’t change during constriction, then pressure increases

• Ejection

  • blood ejected from ventricle

**Types of diastole

Isovolumetric diastole

• unchanged volume, nothing in or out. pressure decreases.

Rapid filling

• blood filling into ventricles. Blood fills up 70% then constricts to fil up 100%

  • Atrial constriction:

    • remaining blood pushed into venticle

What is lub dub

Sound of our heart.

Lub = closing of AV, start of systole

Dub = closing of semilunar valve, start of diastole

what is an ECG/EKG?

Electrodiagram that records elctrical activity of the heart

**What are the 3 types of waves on an ECG?

1. P wave

   1. atrial depolarization before contraction

2. QRS wave

   1. depolarization of ventricles'

   2. repolarization of atria

3. T wave

   1. repolarization of ventricles

**Math equation for cardiac output

CO=HR x SV

How do we increase cardiac output?

1. increase heartrate

2. increase stroke volume

resting systolic and diastolic

systolic = 120 mmHG

diastolic = 80 mmHG