Fruits

FRUIT

Is the mature ovary of a flower; an organ of the angiosperm which contains the seed.

FUNCTION OF FRUIT

To protect the seeds as they develop; To help in their dispersal.

PERICARP

Mature ovary wall of the fruit.

Exocarp

Outermost layer

Mesocarp

Middle Layer

Endocarp

Innermost Layer

KINDS OF FRUIT

Dry fruit; Fleshy fruit.

DRY FRUIT

A fruit in which the pericarp is not succulent or pulpy.

KINDS OF DRY FRUIT

Indehiscent fruit; Dehiscent fruit.

FLESHY FRUIT

A fruit consisting largely of soft succulent tissue.

TYPES OF FLESHY FRUIT

Simple fleshy fruits; Pome.

INDEHISCENT FRUIT

Describes a fruit that does not open or split up to release seeds upon maturity.

ACHENE

One-seeded, unicarpellary, dry indehiscent fruit in which pericarp is separable from the seed. Example: Zinnia, Anise.

DI-ACHENE

A fruit consisting of two achenes. Example: Culantro.

CARYOPSIS OR GRAIN

One-seeded, unicarpellary, dry indehiscent fruit with the pericarp adherent to the seed. Example: Palay, Corn.

SCHIZOCARP

A fruit made up of two or more one-seeded carpels that separate from each other when dry. Example: Carrot, Anise seeds.

NUT

A one-seeded, unicarpellary, dry indehiscent fruit with thickened and hard pericarp. Example: Kasoy.

SAMARA

One or two-seeded, dry indehiscent fruit with flattened wing-like outgrowths. Example: Apitong.

DEHISCENT FRUIT

Describes a fruit that opens or splits up to release seeds upon maturity.

LEGUME

Dry, unicarpellary fruit splitting open on two sutures (seams of carpels). Example: Mongo.

FOLLICLE

Dry, unicarpellary fruit splitting open on one suture. Example: Calachuchi.

CAPSULE

Dry, unicarpellary fruit splitting in various ways. Example: Kamantigui.

SILIQUE

Dry, one or two-carpeled fruit which splits open from the base upwards leaving a partition between the carpels. Example: Mustard.

SIMPLE FLESHY FRUIT

A fruit which develops from a flower with a single pistil and has one or more carpels.

BERRY

A fleshy fruit with a membranous epicarp and a succulent interior in which the seeds are embedded. Example: Tomato, Eggplant, Chico.

PEPO

A large berry from an inferior ovary with a hard and tough rind. Example: Squash, Cucumber.

HESPERIDIUM (Citrus family)

A fleshy fruit with a leathery glandular epicarp, sub-leathery mesocarp and an endocarp with juicy hairs. Example: Orange.

DRUPE

A fleshy one-celled, one-seeded fruit with a fleshy mesocarp and a tough or stony endocarp. Example: Coconut, Pili nut.

POME

A fleshy fruit composed of the mature ovary along with other flower parts such as petals, sepals, and receptacle. Example: Apple, Pear.

AGGREGATE FRUITS

Fruits derived from a single flower with several to many pistils; individual pistils develop into small fruitlets but mature as a single fruit on one receptacle. Example: Strawberry, Soursop.

MULTIPLE FRUITS

Fruits derived from several to many individual flowers in a single inflorescence; each flower develops into fruitlets that unite into one large fruit. Example: Pineapple, Jackfruit.