EL - Judicial Branch

Justice

a judge of the US Supreme Court

US Supreme Court

highest Court in the United States

Appeal

asking a higher court to hear the case

Judicial Review

the ability of the Supreme Court to decide whether or not something is constitutional

Jurisdiction

the power of a court to try and decide a case

Federal Court Jurisdiction

If the case's subject matter is dealing with the Constitution, if there is a question of admiralty (water), if the parties involved are federal officials, states, or agencies of the federal government

Jury

a group of citizens who hears and decides the outcome of a court case (whether the person is innocent or guilty)

Criminal Case

Cases that deal with a crime or breaking of a law

Civil Case

Cases that deal with people and money; no crime

Verdict

the decision of the court

Supreme Court

The highest court a case can reach

Examples of Civil Liberties

Freedoms given to all citizens by the Constitution (freedom of speech, freedom of religion, the right to a fair trial)

Examples of Civil Rights

Affirmative Action, Title 9, Civil Rights Acts

Establishment Clause

creates a separation between church and state (religion and government)

Judicial Review

Allows the court to determine the constitutionality of laws

Bench Trial

A trial where there is a judge only but no jury

Free Exercise Clause

you can practice any religion you want

Probable Cause

what an officer needs to conduct a search or get a warrant

Exclusionary Rule

protects people from unfair searches.