Introduction to Electronics (Video)

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms, inventions, and concepts from the lecture notes on electronics and its evolution.

Electronics

A branch of physics focused on the theory and use of devices in which electrons pass through vacuum, gas, or semiconductor media.

Electron

A negatively charged subatomic particle that carries electric charge and participates in conduction.

Coulomb's Law

The electric force between charged objects is inversely related to the distance between them (proportional to 1/r^2).

Bioelectricity

Electric phenomena in living organisms; associated with Luigi Galvani’s work on animal electricity.

Battery

A device that stores chemical energy and provides electrical energy; Volta’s voltaic battery was a key early example.

Oersted

Discovery that electric current produces a magnetic field, linking electricity and magnetism.

Ohm's Law

V = IR; the relation between voltage, current, and resistance in an electric circuit (Georg Simon Ohm).

Transformer

A device that transfers and can change AC voltage/current via electromagnetic induction.

Maxwell's Equations

A set of four equations describing how electric and magnetic fields propagate and interact.

Telephone

Invention by Alexander Graham Bell enabling voice communication over distance.

Electric bulb

Incandescent lamp converting electric energy to light; widely associated with Thomas Edison.

Radio waves

Electromagnetic waves used for wireless transmission; studied by Hertz and utilized in various communications.

Radio

System to transmit signals over distances using radio waves; popularized by Guglielmo Marconi.

Vacuum Tube

Device that controls electron flow in a vacuum; used as switch, amplifier or display (CRT) – Fleming.

Triode

Three-electrode vacuum tube (grid-audion) capable of amplifying electrical signals; De Forest.

Television

System for transmitting moving images; early prototype demonstrations include John Logie Baird.

P-N Junction

A diode formed by p-type and n-type semiconductor regions; allows current in one direction (Russell Ohl).

Solar Cell

Device that converts light into electricity using a PN junction.

Transistor

Semiconductor device that amplifies and switches electronic signals; invented by Shockley, Bardeen, and Brattain.

Integrated Circuit

Miniaturized electronic circuit created on a semiconductor substrate; Kilby contributed notably.

Microprocessor

CPU on a single integrated circuit; developed by Noyce and Moore.

E-commerce

Electronic commerce over the Internet; affects multiple sectors and can reduce customer acquisition costs.

Electronic Waste

Exponential growth of electronic equipment waste; contains toxic substances and poses health/environment risks if mishandled.