Cellular Respiration Pyruvate Oxidation & The Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)

Cell uses — reactions to transfer energy from one substance to another substance

Redox (Reductions and Oxidation)

Your cells perform reactions that transfer the energy in the food molecules to specific molecules. This reduce these cellular molecule to increase their energy content. these reactions are called..

Redox reactions (Oxidation/Reduction)

Which type of reaction in the cell adds useful energy to a substance?

Reduction reactions

Which form of a chemical contains more energy

Reduced reactions

Each of your cells contains many mitochondria to increase it capacity to make

ATP by cellular respiration

Energy rich molecule is known as a rich carbohydrate

Pyruvate

Pyruvate oxidation produce the Energy-Rich

• NADH

• Acetyl Coenzyme A

In which organelle are the enzymes that form pyruvate oxidation located?

• Mitochondria, specifically in the mitochondrial matrix.

Where in the mitochondrion are the enzymes that form pyruvate oxidation located?

• Matrix : in the MitochondralMitochondrial matrix, where enzymes facilitate the conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl CoA.

Thiamine is a Vitamin B1 enzyme cofactor found in bread, cereals and milk. This is intended to increase the efficiency of

ATP Synthesis (cellular respiration)

Energy rich molecules made in the krebs cycle

• FADH2

• GTP

• NAGH

Enzyme used to coverts GTP to ATP

Nucleoside diphosphate kinase

Oxidation and reductions reactions are called

Redox reactions

Redox reactions

release and transfer useful energy from food molecules

Redox reactions transfer useful energy from food to molecules to process

• ADP - ATP

• GDP - GTP

• FAD- FADH2 (Energy-Rich Molecule Used To Make ATP In The Mitochondrion)

• NAD- NADH (Energy-Rich Molecule Used To Make ATP In The Mitochondrion)

— transfer energy from one substance to another substance

Redox reactions

— is the loss of one or more electrons

Oxidation

Oxidation — energy content

decreases as electrons are lost.

— is the gain of one or more electrons

Reduction

Reduction — the energy content

increases as electrons are gained.

— enable cells to use the energy in food molecules to synthesize energy- rich ATP, FADH 2, GTP, and NADH molecules.

Redox reactions (Oxidation and reduction)

Where does ATP Synthesis occur during cellular respiration?

The mitochondrion

Where does the Pyruvate and Krebs cycle occur?

The mitochondrion, specifically in the mitochondrial matrix.

Where will electron transport chain (ETC0 most likely occur in?

The inner mitochondrial membrane.

How is pyruvate imported into Mitochondria

• Voltage -Dependent Anion Channels

• Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier

The differences between Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels and Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier

Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier transports pyruvate across the inner mitochondrial membrane and Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels transport pyruvate across the outer mitochondrial membrane

— occurs in the mitochondrion matrix when oxygen is available

Pyruvate oxidation

The enzymes of pyruvate oxidations produce

acetyl-CoA, NADH Molecule

One carbon dioxide is a — products during pyruvate oxidation.

waste

Why should CO2 be a waste and live our body?

Because it is a byproduct of cellular respiration that must be removed to maintain pH balance and prevent toxicity.

What kind of cofactors does Pyruvate oxidation enzymes require

Vitamin B cofactors

Another name for Krebs Cycle is

the Citric Acid Cycle

The Krebs Cycle occurs where?

The mitochondrion Matrix

What are the three energy rich molecules does The Krebs Cycle produce

• FADH2

• GTP

• NADH

The Krebs Cycle produces —- CO2 molecules from Acetyl CoA As Metabolic Waste Products

Two Carbon Dioxide

Cells use the energy rich product krebs cycle to make —

ATP

The Krebs

Cycle’S products make ATP Molecules in the following

• 1 NADH - 2.5 TO 3 ATP

• 1 FADH = 1.5 to 2 ATP

• Nucleoside-Diphosphate kinase converts 1 GTP to 1 ATP

What converts 1GTP to 1 ATP

Nucleoside-Diphosphate kinase

Your cells use Krebs cycle and Glycolysis substrates to make

• Amino Acid

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Nucleotides

— is both anabolic and catabolic which is known to be amphibolic

The Krebs cycle