AP World History: Modern, Unit 1 (The Global Tapestry, 1200-1450)

Flashcards covering state building & development from 1200-1450, including East Asia, Dar al-Islam, South Asia, Southeast Asia, the Americas, Africa, and Europe.

Confucianism

A philosophy teaching the hierarchy of society and relationships such as fathers & sons, husbands & wives, rulers & subjects.

Filial Piety

Honoring parents and deceased grandparents.

Imperial Bureaucracy in Song China

Civil service exams based on Confucianism which allowed merit-based jobs.

Korea's Relationship with Song China

Korea maintained relationships with Song China, calling them superior and paying yearly tributes.

Heian Japan's adoption of Chinese policies

Voluntary adoption of Chinese policies.

Four Noble Truths

Life is suffering; we suffer because we crave; we stop suffering when we stop craving; the Eightfold Path leads to the cessation of suffering AND craving.

Eightfold Path

Outlines practices of a Buddhist (meditation/morality).

Theravada Buddhism

Mainly restricted to monks, available to a select few.

Mahayana Buddhism

Buddhism is available to ALL; Buddha is like a God; Emphasis of compassion.

Tibetan Buddhism

Same basic doctrines as other forms of Buddhism, but includes mystical practices.

Commercialization of Economy in Song China

Selling goods, paper money, credit, etc.

Champa Rice

Drought-resistant rice from Vietnam's Champa Kingdom that allowed for 2x-3x harvests per year.

Grand Canal

Expanded during the Song Dynasty, facilitated transportational innovations.

Junks

Large ships with rudders and large sails that increased sea trade.

Islam

Accepted Mohammad as the Final Prophet.

Abbasid Caliphate

Replaced Umayyad Caliphate and was in power during the Golden Age of Islam.

Seljuk Empire

Central Asia-based, pastoral people; warriors who eventually take power from the Abbasids.

Mamluk Sultanate

Fierce warriors who seized power around Egypt.

Delhi Sultanate

Invading Turks establish Muslim state in the north of India.

Sharia Law

Qur'an.

Sufism

Mystical Islam.

House of Wisdom

Library established in Baghdad where Greek works were translated into Arabic.

Hinduism

Polytheistic belief system with rebirth/cycles/reincarnation to achieve Brahman.

Buddhism in India

Cycle of birth, death, reincarnation; Rejects caste system and promoted equality.

Islam in India (1206)

Delhi Sultanate.

Bhakti Movement

Encourages believers to only worship one of the millions of Hindu deities; Rejected caste system/hierarchy.

State-Building in India

Muslim rulers in northern India have trouble imposing Islam.

Rajput Kingdoms

Warring kingdoms in India (Hindu).

Vijayanagara Empire

Emissaries from N. India sent to convert people to Islam; however, they themselves converted back to Hinduism.

Srivijaya Empire

Buddhist state but also influenced by Hinduism; Strait of Malacca control.

Majapahit Empire

Hindu but Buddhist influence; Tributary system.

Sinhala Dynasties

Island civilization for over 2000 years; Buddhist; Self-sufficient on land.

Khmer Empire

Hindu (exception to ethnic religions rules).

Maya Civilization (250-900 CE)

Large urban centers; Sophisticated writing systems; Math systems; Decentralized city-states but tributary states through conquest.

Aztec Empire (1325-1528)

Lots of territory in Mexico; Mexica people migrated south and consolidated power in the region via military and allied with two other states in the area.

Inca (1200-1532)

Military conquest but used massive bureaucracy to consolidate power (centralized unlike the Aztecs).

Mit'a System

Everyone must serve the state in some capacity at some point in the year.

Mississippian Culture

First large-scale civilization in North America; Fertile soil = agricultural.

Mississippian Culture

Fertile soil = agricultural.

Chaco/Mesa Verde

Dry/arid desert; Innovative ways of moving water.

Swahili Civilization

East Coast of Africa; Strategic location = bustling Indian Ocean trade.

Hausa Kingdoms

Collection of city-states who get rich off trade.

Ethiopia

Christian kingdom who also got rich through trade (Med. Sea & Indian Ocean).

Feudalism

System of allegiance between lords, monarchs, knights.

Manorialism

Peasants bonded to land who worked it for protection.

Roman Catholic Christianity

Western Europe

Eastern Orthodox Christianity

Eastern Europe