Anatomy of The Head and Neck Ch. 1

EXTRAORAL AND INTRAORAL EXAMS:

-UTILIZE HEAD AND NECK ANATOMY
•PLACEMENT OF IMAGE RECEPTORS
•TMJ DISORDERS
•ADMINISTRATION OF LOCAL
ANESTHESIA/PLACEMENT OF SYRINGE
•PATHOLOGY/DEGREE OF INVOLVEMENT
•SOURCES OF INFECTION
•KEEP IN MIND, BONES & ANATOMY VARY ON EACH PATIENT!

Anatomic Nomenclature

System of names for anatomic structures

Anatomic position

Body is erect. Arms at the sides. Palms, toes, eyes forward

supine

patient lying on back (face up)

Prone

-patient lying on front (or face down)

Anterior or ventral

front of an area of body

Posterior or dorsal

back of an area of the body

superior

toward the head

inferior

Lower on the body, farther from the head

The apex or tip

the pointed end of a conical structure
-the root tip of a tooth

Median plane OR Midsagittal plane

is imaginary line that divides the body into right and left halves - generally symmetrical

Sagittal plane

a plane parallel to the median plane
-starts around the shoulder

Frontal plane OR Coronal plane

divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

Transverse OR axial plane

divides the body at any horizontal level into superior and inferior portions and is perpendicular to the midsagittal plane

median

a structure located close to the midsagittal or median plane like the nose is median

lateral

a structure further from the midsagittal or median plane.
-away from the midline

proximal

an area closer to the midsagittal or median plane is considered proximal.

upper shoulder is proximal from

elbow

fingers are distal from

elbow

Ipsilateral

structures on the same side of the body

contralateral

structures on the opposite side of the body

superfical

Structures located toward the surface

deep

structures located inward away from the surface

example of superficial

skin, fingernail

internal

inner side of the wall of a hollow structure

external

outer side of the wall of a hollow structure

Midsagittal or median section

through the median plane

Frontal or coronal section

through the frontal plane

Transverse or axial section

division through the transverse or axial plane

surface anatomy

the study of the structural relationships of the external features of the body to the internal organs and parts