Microbiology for Allied Health Final Study Guide Unit 3 test

Reactions that release energy and break down large molecules into smaller molecules are called ________.

Catabolic Reactions

Which type of molecule contains the alcohol glycerol?

Phospholipids

How many ATP are produced during the Kreb's cycle?

2

Reactions that require energy to synthesize larger molecules are called ______.

Anabolic reactions

Where does the substrate interact on an enzyme?

The active site

Pyruvate acid is the end product of which of the following step____

Glycolysis

"In a protein, whih type of chemical bond joins the amino acids?"

Peptide bonds

Where does Glycolysis step happen in the cell?

Cytoplasm of the cell

Amino groups are an important component of which of the following macromolecules?

Proteins

An atom that gains an electron has a positive charge.

False

Which of the following is not a product of the Kreb's Cycle?

Pyruvate

All the following steps of aerobic respiration occur in the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell, except ______

Electron Transport Chain

The carbohydrates are generally classified according to the number of amino acids they contain.

False

How many amino acids are present in proteins?

20

The primary function of nucleic acids is ______

To store the information needed to build proteins

Structurally, what type of macromolecule is ATP?

Nucleic Acid

Which of the following is not a main stage of cellular respiration?

Calvin Cycle

Which of the following is not a lipid?

glyceraldehyde

How many ATP has been produced at the end of Glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle?

4

What is the input reactant of Glycolysis?

Glucose

All chemical reactions of a cell or organisms is referred to as metabolism.

True

Enzymes are very specific, catalyzing a single reaction.

True

Which of the main stage of cellular respiration Oxygen is not required?

Glycolysis

Which term specifically describes fatty acids that do not have any carbon to carbon double bonds?

Saturated

Which describes the hydrocarbon tails in the plasma membrane?

Hydrophobic

What is the output of the oxidation of pyruvate acid?

Acetyl CoA

How many NET ATP are produced at the end of Glycolysis?

2

A triglyceride contains which subcomponents?

A glycerol and three fatty acids

Which of the following compounds is NOT an enzyme?

Cellulose

How many ATP is produced after one glucose molecule go through cellular respiration in Prokaryotes?

38

How many ATP is produced after one glucose molecule go through cellular respiration in Eukaryotes?

36

Which of the following is an inhibitor that binds to the active site of an enzyme?

A competitive Inhibitor

How many electron carriers enter the Electron Transport Chain

10 NADH and 2 FADH2

Series of biochemical reactions that converts one or more substance into a final product called ______

Metabolic pathway

Disulfide bridges are most important in which of the following?

Tertiary structure of proteins

Organisms that can capture energy from inorganic compounds to make food are referred to as ______

Chemoautotrophs

Acetyl-CoA is the end product of which of the following steps _____

Prep Step

What is the output reactant of Glycolysis?

Pyruvate acid

Which of the following best describes the molecule lactose?

Disaccharide

Which of the following factors affect the activity of an enzyme?

All of the above (Temperature, pH, Inhibitor molecules)

The transport of pyruvate acid at the end of glycolysis to the mitochondria is a(n) ________

Active transport

Which of the following best describes an anabolic reaction?

They build up large molecules from smaller components

How many ATP is produced at the end of the oxidation of pyruvate acid?

0

A strictly fermentative cell produces energy

By glycolysis only

An ionic bond is formed due to the attraction of appositively charged ions.

True

Which of the following are enzymes that break down proteins?

Proteases

Which of the following correctly describes uracil and where it is found?

It is a nitrogenous base found in RNA only

In which form do plants generally store sugar molecules?

Starch

How many total ATP is produced at the end of fermentation?

2

Which of the following molecules are considered the preferred form of energy for the cell?

ATP