solar

For design purposes, the variation of available solar power, the optimum … of solar flat plate collectors, the …  of the heliostats should be calculated.

tilt angle, location and orientation

pyranometer

.. of a point P is the angular distance of the point north (or south) of equator, north latitude being positive.

Latitude, L:

Q:... is the angle between the sun-earth center to center line and the projection of this line on the equatorial plane.

A:Solar declination δ

Q:... is the angular displacement of the sun east or west to the local meridian

hour angle

Q:Total solar radiation is measured by ….

A:pyranometer

Q:Beam solar radiation is measured by …

A:pyrheliometer

Q:Diffuse solar radiation is measured by …

A:pyranometer under a shadow band.

Q:... are the most common solar collector for solar water-heating systems in homes and solar space heating

A:Flat-plate collectors

Q:Substances such as … are used to transport the thermal energy from the collector to the heat exchanger or thermal storage. 

A:water/ steam, liquid metal or gas

Q:In solar PV systems energy transport occurs in … form

electrical

Q:Energy storage types: …

A:a) Thermal energy storage; 

b) Battery storage; 

c) Pumped storage hydro-electric plant.

Q: The collectors are classified as: 

A:Non concentrating collectors (Flat Plate), Concentrating (focusing) collectors

Q:... Are used primarily for solar space heating.

A:Air flat-plate collectors 

Q:should be tilted at angle of … of the location

A:latitude 

Q:The collector is placed with … facing at northern hemisphere

south

Q:Passive Heating Designs … 

A:1. Direct gain 2. Indirect gain 3. Green house

Q:Passive solar energy utilization is based on the absorption of …  solar radiation 

A:short wave

Q:Indirect-Gain • The second type of passive system called: …

A:thermal storage wall (TSW) , Trombe wall.

Q:... Combines the features of direct and indirect gain passive heating systems  

A:Greenhouse (Sunspace) 

Q:... are used for medium (100-300oC) and high-temperature (above 300oC) applications such as steam production for the generation of electricity.

A:Concentrating collector

Q:Solar collector testing method: ….

A:Steady-state:and Dynamic (Transient) 

Q:...: to perform the tests accurately and consistently

A:Test Ring

Q:Test Ring types: …

Closed loop collector test ring

• Open loop collector test ring

Q:Efficiency … with increasing inlet temperature

decreases

Q:The paper evaluates a modified PV/T (photovoltaic/thermal) air collector tested in Istanbul. Thermal performance is best when the PV panel is … to the glass.

closer

Q:The paper evaluates a modified PV/T (photovoltaic/thermal) air collector tested in Istanbul.Increasing airflow generally … thermal performance. Increased airflow also caused … pressure drop

A:improved , higher 

solar air heater built using scrap materials instead of a normal absorber plate

These scrap parts … , …  and … to the passing air. 

A:absorb solar energy, store some heat, transfer heat

A:pyrheliometer

pyranometer under a shadow band

heliostats

flat plate collector with plane reflector

hydroelectric energy storage

central receiver heliostat system

evacuated tube collectors

direct gain passive heat design

indirect gain, thermal storage wall, trombe wall

greenhouse/ sunspace

compound parabolic collectors

cylindrical parabolic collectors

parabolic dish collector

solar collector test setup