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Define Ar(relative atomic mass)
The mean mass of an atom of an element, divided by one twelfth of the mean mass of an atom of the Carbon-12 isotope
Define Mr(relative molecular mass)
The mean mass of a molecule of a compound, divided by one twelfth of the mean mass of an atom of the carbon-12 isotope
What is the mole?
A unit or measurement for substances, always contains the same amount of particles.
What is avogadro’s constant?
L= 6.022×10²³
allows the number of particles present in a sample substance to be found
How to calculate moles?(2 ways)
Moles= mass/Mr
Moles= (concentration x volume)/1000
How is pressure, temperature and volume linked?
Pressure is proportional to temperature
Volume is proportional to temperature
pressure is inversely proportional to volume
what is the empirical formula
The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
How can you find the empirical formula?
Using the molar ratio
What is the molecular formula?
The true number of each atom in the molecule.
How do you find the molecular molecule?
using the Mr of the empirical formula and the true Mr, which gives you a multiplier value which can be used to cale up the empirical formula
What is the multiplier formula?
Mr of molecule/empirical Mr
How can you calculate the percentage yield?
(experimental mass/theoretical mass) x 100
How can you calculate atom economy?
(Mr of desired product/Mr of reactants) x 100
What does it mean if there is a high atom economy?
It means there is little to no waste product, which means that the reaction was economically beneficial.
How does reaction with a high atom economy affect the environment?
It would be beneficial for the environment as less natural resources would be used up and less energy would be needed. Also less waste products would be put into the environment to add to pollution.
Note
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