EARTH SCI EXAM 2ND QUARTER

Mineral Resources

Mineral Resources

can be used as environmental Conditions

Diamond

is the hardest mineral in the Mohs Scale, and is one of the hardest substances known to man.

Naturally Occurring, Inorganic, Crystalline Structure, Solid, Definite in Chemical Composition

Characteristics of a Mineral

Mohs Scale

Used to determine how hard or soft minerals are

ph

the acidity/alkalinity of ground water

Redox Conditions

minerals can form in reducing conditions

Water Activity, Landscape or Catenaries Position Transported vs. In Situ Rigolith

Environmental Conditions

Regolith

parent rocks also called as:

Geological Hazards, Degradation of Natural landscape, damage of vegetation, geological disturbance, air, land, and water pollution, mineral development and environmental damage.

How are minerals tested for suitability

Construction Agriculture, Minerals in Body, Chemical Industry

Importance of Minerals

5048

How many minerals recognized in INA

Silicates (silicon and oxygen atoms)

dominates ¼ of the earth’s crust

Fracture, Cleavage, Parting

3 types of mineral splitting

George Lemaitre

suggested the big bang theory

Dust Cloud Theory

Theory by Carl Friedrich says that the nebula was assumed to have a composition mainly of hydrogen and helium, like the sun, with only 1% of heavier elements.

Protoplanet Hypothesis

Theory by Gerald Kuiper states that the original nebula was so massive that on further contraction and flattening, it broke into separate clouds.

BICEP2

Telescope of NASA in South Polo that helped them with findings of Inflation.

Inflation

explosive period of growth that happened after Big Bang Theory

B- mode polarization

a kind of gravitational wave produced in inflation

Nebular Hypothesis

Theory by Immanuel Kant and Laplace that says solar system is from condensation of gas around the sun.

Goldilock’s Mark

habitable zone temperature of a planet is called

Kuiper Belt

is the boundary zone beyond Neptune

Oort CLOUD

boundary of the solar system

Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Biosphere, Atmosphere

Subsystems of the Earth

Troposphere

Stratosphere

Mesosphere

Thermosphere

Exosphere

Layers of Atmosphere

Naturally Occurring, inorganic, crystalline strucutre, solid in room temperature, definite in chemical composition

Characteristics of Mineral

Talc

Mineral with a hardness of 1 on the Mohs scale, can be easily scratched by a fingernail

Environmental Conditions to determine minerals

EPA - Environment Protection Agency

government agency that monitors environmental issues.

Ecosystem

interdependent community of organisms including plants, animals, water, air, and the ground.

Ecological Footprint

tool used to illustrate how much impact a human being has on the Earth.

TREES

These are organisms that consume carbon dioxide, convert it to food, and produce oxygen

Ozone Layer

part of the Earth's atmosphere that repels the sun's ultraviolet rays.

Fuel Cells

combines Hydrogen and Oxygen to create energy that can be used in cars.

Hydrogen

most abundant element in the universe.

Renewable Energy

energy that can be used an infinite number of times

Solar ENergy

most abundant energy source capable of being harnessed by humans.

Natural Gas

cleanest fossil fuel most often found in fragile areas of nature.

Organic

given for food sold in supermarkets and grown or fed without synthetic fertilizers, chemicals, hormones, and antibiotics.

Topsoil

This important layer of dirt is essential for ensuring plant growth and its nutrients are retained by trees

Abyssopelagic

ocean zone where tectonic plate interaction occurs

sustainable

means living within the limits of the Earth's natural resources

Geothermal Power

electricity generated from geothermal energy, which is heat from the Earth.

Biomass

we can create renewable energy from this like animal manure, etc

true

Natural gas is non renewable true or false

Geysers

Example of geothermal power

Aquifers

rock layers where groundwater is trapped underneath surface

River

stream with much bigger volume of water

GlACIERS

LARGEST SOLID FRESHWATER SOURCE

watersheds

allows water to flow

Tributary

Lakes are supplied of waters by:

Wetlands

water breeeding grounds of organism

Runoff

flow of water from high elevation to low

permafrost

largest solid freshwater source