UTRGV Gen. Microbio Lab Midterm (Schuenzel)

What container would you put a used coverslip in?

broken glass container

Which container would you place your used gloves in?

biohazardous waste

Which container would you put a razor in?

sharps container

Which piece of glassware has an equal circumference until the top where the opening has a much smaller circumference?

media bottle

Which piece of glassware has a progressively smaller circumference from the bottom to the top?

Erlenmeyer flask

Which machine is used to heat a mixture and stir a mixture using electromagnetic force?

hot plate and magnetic stirrer

Which piece of equipment is used to sterilize equipment and media?

autoclave

Which piece of equipment is used to avoid contamination when working with microbes?

laminar flow hood

Which piece of equipment measures the amount of material based on absorbance?

spectrophotometer

Which machine is used to perform polymerase chain reactions?

thermocycler/PCR machine

Which machine is used to keep liquids at a constant temperature?

waterbath

Which machine is used to grow and maintain microorganisms at optimal physical conditions?

incubator

Which tool is used to move microorganisms between cultures and can be repeatedly sterilized?

inoculating loop

Which machine agitates a mixture in a test tube to make a homogenized mixture?

vortex mixer

Which machine rotates a mixture to separate out the different parts?

centrifuge

Which machine is used to measure masses?

analytical balance

Which piece of glassware is used to move liquid culture around an agar plate evenly?

spreader

Which piece of glassware is the most precise way to measure large amounts of liquid?

graduated cylinder

Which piece of glassware has an equal circumference from the top to the bottom and cannot be used for precise measurements?

beaker

Which piece of glassware is used to grow microbes in liquid culture?

test tube

Which piece of glassware is used to grow microbes in solid or semi-solid agar?

Petri dish

Which piece of glassware/plastic is to hold small amounts of liquids in molecular biology?

microcentrifuge tube

Which pipette is used to transfer the smallest amounts of liquids?

micropipette

Which pipette moves a fixed volume?

Pasteur pipette

Which pipette is used to transfer the largest amounts of liquid?

serological pipette

Which piece of equipment is used to sterilize tools and glassware on the benchtop?

microincinerator

Which piece of equipment is used for visualizing microbes?

microscope

The most common type of microscope used

brightfield microscope

microscope that causes the light source to hit the specimen at a severely oblique angle

darkfield microscope

microscope that can clearly view live organisms without stains

phase contrast microscope

When using the scanning objective, the objective magnification would be

4

When using the low power objective, the objective magnification would be

10

When using the high power objective, the objective magnification would be

40

When using the oil immersion objective, the objective magnification would be

100

What type of cell wall (gram negative/positive) was E. coli?

gram negative

Which type of cell wall (gram negative/positive) was P. aeruginosa?

gram negative

Which type of cell wall (gram negative/positive) was B. subtilis?

gram positive

Which type of cell was (gram negative/positive) S. epidermis?

gram positive

Which supergroup do Kinetoplastida, Diplomonads, Pabasilids, Euglenazoans, and Euglenids belong to?

Excavata

Which supergroup do Cercozoa, Radiolarians, and Foraminiderans belong to?

Rhizaria

Which supergroup do Apicoplexans, Ciliates, and Dinoflagellata belong to?

Alveolata

The phylum Nematoda belongs to which kingdom?

Animal

The phylum Platyhelminthes belongs to which kingdom?

Animal

Which fungal phylum contains bread molds?

Zygomycota

Which phylum contains the fungus that produces penicillin and brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces)?

Ascomycota

Which phylum contains the plant pathogenic fungi known as smuts and rusts?

Basidiomycota

Which virus classification includes double stranded DNA?

Class I

Which virus classification includes single stranded DNA?

Class II

Which virus classification includes double stranded RNA?

Class III

Which virus classification includes positive sense single stranded RNA?

Class IV

Which virus classification includes negative sense single stranded RNA?

Class V

Which virus classification includes single stranded RNA with a DNA intermediate?

Class VI

Which virus classification includes double stranded DNA with an RNA intermediate?

Class VII

Which type of stain sticks to the cell and gives them color?

positive stain

Which type of stain doesn't stick to the cell, but dries around the cell boundary creating a silhouette?

negative stain

Which type of stain uses both basic and acidic dyes?

positive stain

Which type of stain uses acidic dyes?

negative stain

Which type of stain uses a single dye?

simple stain

Which type of stain uses 2 dyes - a primary dye and a counterstain?

differential stain

What cell structure does gram staining react to?

cell wall

What waxy material in the cell wall does acid-fast staining react to?

mycolic acid

What cell structure gets stained when the cell in under environmental stress?

spore

Name the 2 stains used in Gram staining

crystal violet and safranin

Name the 2 stains used in acid-fast staining

fuchsin and methylene blue

Name the 2 stains used in spore staining

malachite green and safranin

Name the one stain that can be used in negative staining

nigrosin

Which type of cell wall is indicated by purple/blue in Gram staining?

gram positive

Which type of cell wall indicated by pink in Gram staining?

gram negative

With spore staining, green indicates which structure?

spore

With spore staining, red indicates what type of cell?

vegetative

With acid-fast staining, Mycobacterium (acid-fast bacteria) will stain which color because of the presence of mycolic acid?

red

With acid-fast staining, non-acid-fast bacteria will stain which color?

blue

Is Staphylococcus aureus gram positive or negative?

gram positive

Is Pseudomonas aeruginosa gram positive or gram negative?

gram negative

Is Bacillus megaterium gram positive or gram negative?

gram positive

Is Moraxella catarrhalis gram positive or negative?

gram negative

Does the bacteria Clostridium difficile produce spores (yes or no)?

yes

Does the bacteria Staphylococcus sp. produce spores (yes or no)?

no

Does the bacteria Bacillus megaterium produce spores (yes or no)?

yes

Does the bacteria Mycobacterium smegmatis produce the waxy material in its cell wall (yes or no)?

yes

Does the bacteria Bacillus cereus produce the waxy material in its cell wall (yes or no)?

no

Does the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis produce the waxy material in its cell wall (yes or no)?

yes

these media are designed to grow a broad spectrum of microbes that don't have special growth requirements

general purpose

these media contain complex organic substances such as growth factors that are required for the microbes to grow

Enriched

These media contain substances that absorb oxygen or slow the penetration of oxygen

Anaerobic growth

This type of media contains one or more agents that inhibit the growth of certain microbes but not another

Selective

This type of media can grow several types of microbes but are designed to bring out visible differences among those microbes

Differential

This type of media is used to count the number of microbes in agricultural, industrial, or environmental samples

Enumeration

This type of media is used to test the effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs, disinfectants, and antiseptics

Assay

This type of media contain pure chemical nutrients that vary little from 1 source to another and have a molecular content with an exact formula

Synthetic media

This type of media is not chemically definable by an exact formula

Nonsynthetic media

This type of media has large molecules such as proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids that can vary greatly in exact composition

complex media

Nutrient agar or nutrient broth is a general purpose media used for which groups?

bacteria and fungi

Potato dextrose agar is a general purpose media used for which groups?

fungi

Trypticase soy agar or broth is a general purpose media used for which groups?

bacteria

NA stands for what?

Nutrient Agar

NB stands for what?

Nutrient Broth

PDA stands for what?

Potato Dextrose Agar

TSA stands for what?

Trypticase Soy Agar

MSA stands for what?

Mannitol Salt Agar