Islam & Belief Systems

Flashcards about Islam and Belief Systems.

Belief Systems in the 21st Century

Belief systems have experienced great transformations in the 21st century, shaped by the constant advancement of science and technology.

Belief

A state of trust or confidence in someone or something, representing acceptance and the embrace of specific opinions.

Belief Systems (Technical Definition)

Organised collections of cognitive acceptances and convictions that control perceptions of right and wrong, serving as a framework for understanding and interpreting life.

Theistic Belief Systems

Belief systems that affirm the existence of gods or deities.

Atheistic Belief Systems

Belief systems that reject the presence of God.

Theism

A strong belief in the existence of God, gods, or deities, based on the recognition of a divine presence that transcends the universe while also being immanent within it.

Monotheism

Belief in a single God.

Polytheism

Belief in multiple gods.

Absolute Monotheism

A belief in one God who is the sole creator & ruler of all, with no associations or sharing of His divinity (e.g., Islam).

Qualified Monotheism

A belief in one god who may take various forms or expressions (e.g., Christianity).

Polytheism

Comes from the Greek word 'polutheon' (many gods), refers to a belief in multiple gods.

Idolatry

The act of adoring and worshipping idols, which are physical representations of deities or objects of reverence.

Animism

A belief system characterized by a belief in innumerable spiritual beings that influence human affairs and possess the power to aid or harm human interests; perceiving the entire material world as crowded with souls and spiritual energy.

Atheism

A lack of belief or disbelief in a god or gods; the rejection or denial of the existence of god or deities.

Humanism

A belief in human effort and skill rather than religion based on divine intervention, seeking to establish sound ethical and moral principles by relying on human reason, experience, and compassion.

Materialism

The belief that everything is made of matter and energy, with no immaterial entities like souls, spirits, or supernatural gods; physical matter is the only reality.

Qur'an on Religious Groups

Acknowledges the existence of six religious groups or communities: Muslims, Jews, Sabians, Christians, Zoroastrians, and polytheists.

Tawhid

The concept of monotheism from the Qur'anic perspective; God, Allah, is characterised with absolute singularity with no separation in substance or humanisation in attributes, and worship is due to Him only.

Tawhid (Specifics)

Belief in one personal God, the Creator & the Ruler of the universe, whose character is indivisible & resembles none

Tawhid (Specifics)

A recognition of Allah's unique attributes && His actions are comparable to none; He has no equal in rank and no equal in any manner

Jewish Monotheism

Belief shows that YHWH (Yahweh) is perceived as the only god, and there is no god other than Him.

Sabianism

Interpreted differently by various Muslim scholars, with beliefs ranging from monotheism to worshipping angels or planets as intermediaries.

Unitarian Christianity

Belief in the Father as the only God, and Jesus was a messenger of God. Some sects reject the concept of Trinity .

Trinitarian Christianity

Explains God as one but three in one: God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit.

Zoroastrianism (Magians)

Believe in the teaching of Prophet Zoroaster who received his revelation from the Supreme God; belief in Ahura Mazda (good) and opposition by Angra Mainyu (evil).

Religious Coexistence

Religious harmony where many religions coexist, living harmoniously in society; Islam exercises religious freedom.

Religious Tolerance in Islam: Islam as a natural religion

All humans are created to worship Allah, originating from their initial declaration of faith in the spiritual realm.

Religious Tolerance in Islam: Unity of Mankind

addresses all of humanity, highlighting their unity as descendants of Adam & Hawa'. Religious differences have caused diversity among them