05A. Economic Conquest of India

Permanent Settlement of Bengal

1. By Whom

2. Why

2A. Inspiration

3. Features

4. Expectattions

5. reality

6. Sunset Clause

7. When and Where

1. Lord Cornwallis

2. failure of hasting's Ijardar System (Bidding for highest collection agent)

2A. From Feudal System in Europe

3. Hereditary Landlord Class

- Fixed Land revenue with no future revisions

- Zamindars are considered owner of Lands

4. Aimed for fixed revenue and investment in Land by Zamindars

5. delays, defaults, Absentee landlordism, Famines

6. If Zamindars are not paid by time, then land will be taken by Zamindars

7. 1793 and in bengal

Ryotwari System

0. When and Where

1. By Whom

2. Why

3. Features

4. Expectattions

5. reality

6. Sunset Clause

0. 1820, Madras and Bombay Presidency

1. Thomas Munro and Alexander read

2. Emerged after the failure of Zamindari System, until now they used jagirdari(no bidding, directly says collect it from the jagirdar and it is his responsibility to pay to the state) system

3. - Directly taxed from the ryots (peasants)

4. Stable income from peasants directly

5.Administrative costs rose and they expected lot more than that capable of land. Debt traps from money lenders.

Ryotwari system is inspired from whom

Mughal and Ricardian theory of rent

who are Peasant Burgouise

Rich peasants

Mahalwari System

0. When and Where

1. By Whom

2. Why

3. Features

3A. Inspiration from

4. Expectattions

5. reality

6. Sunset Clause

0. 1822, in North Western Provinces

1. Holt Mackinzie

2. Failure o

3. Village(mahals) Pays Revenue

3A. Hybrid of Zamindari and Ryotwari

4. Same as before

5. 2/3rd tax - very high

What are Calico Acts

Banner Import of Indian cotton to Britain

Famines

A. Company rule (remember 2)

B. Crown Famine (remember 3)

1. Bengal Famine(1770) : Dual Gvt

2. madras Famine (1792): Rigid revenue policies and no official aid

3. Orissa Famine (1886): Commercialisation of Agriculture

4. Deccan Famine (1876-78): Railway Enabled grain export

5. Bengal Famine (1943) : WW 2 infaltion

First Famine Commission

Strachey Commission - after the deccan famine