global week 10 questions

Assume a warm air parcel, at sea level has a temperature of 21 degrees and begins to rise upward. Assume it becomes satuarated at 1000 m and continues to rise to 2000 m. What would the temperature of the air be at an elevation of 2000m

5 Degrees Celcius

The general term that refers to the tendency of a parcel of air to either remain in place or change its initial position is

stability

air that is not saturated will cool or heat at a rate of ____ as it rises or descends, respectively, due to adiabatic cooling or heating

10 degrees per 1000 meters

air that is saturated will cool or heat at a rate of ____ as it rises or descends, respectively, due to adiabatic cooling or heating

6 degrees per 1000 meter

when environmental lapse rate is between the dry and moist adiabatic lapse rates, conditions are described as

conditionally unstable

when environmental lapse rate is less than dry adiabatic lapse rates, conditions are described as

stable

flat and layered clouds with horizontal development ar4e classed as

stratoform

vertically developed puffy and globular clouds are classed as

cumuliform

the wet or moist adiabatic rate is ____ than the dry adiabatic rate because

less; condensation in the air

the point where saturation begins in a rising air parcel is

the lifting condensation level

the cloud condensation process requires

condensation nuclei and saturated air

Which of the following does not accurately describe the earth’s distance from the sun?

Due to Earth’s circular orbit, it is always equidistant from the sun throughout the year

The sun emits radiation energy composed of ____, whereas the earth emits _______

mainly visible light and near infrared energy, thermal infared

Which of the following is not true of carbon dioxide

The sun emits radiant energy composed of ____, whereas the earth emits _______.

Axial parallelism refers to ______

The sun’s altitude refers to

partially compacted snow that is an intermediate between snow and ice

firn

sediments deposited by glacial ice are _____; material deposited by glacial meltwater are______.

unsorted;sorted

a snowline refers to

the lowest line (latitude or elevation) where winter snow accumulation persists throughout the summer.

The basal slip of a glacier is usually ______ than the internal plastic flow, resulting in the upper portion of the glacier flowing ____ of the lower portion

less rapid; ahead

the term periglacial refers to

cold climate processes along the margins of glaciers

an extensive continous mass of ice covering a continental scale is known as

ice sheet

Why is glacial ice analogous to a metamorphic rock

it forms as a result of recrytallization caused by pressure

the slow flow of soil from higher to lower elevations during the thaw cycle is known as

solifuction

the two main types of glaciers are

alpine glaciers and continetal ice sheets

Which of the following is incorrect about glacial movement

glaciers are mostly stationary, only moving several centimeters over tens of years due to basal slip

the principal controls and influences of average temperature patterns around the globe include

latitude, altitude, land-water heating differences, cloud cover, and ocean currents

temperature is

a measure of the average kinetic energy of individual molecules in matter

the thermal equator

connects all points o highest mean temperature

which of the following is false

urban areas with high levels of trees and vegetation respond like tropical systems, increasing their temperature

earth’s main energy outputs to space are

thermal infared radiation

the celcius scale

places melting point of ice at 0 and boiling water at 100

the time of maximum daily temperature occurs

after the time of maximum absorbed insolation, because an energy surplus continues while the sun is still high in the sky continuing to increase temeprature until mid afternoon

the analogy of a greenhouse

is a useful, but inaccurate model since atmospheric gases do not trap, but absorb heat

Heat is the net transfer of energy from an area of _____ to an area of _____

higher temperature; lower temperature

Which is true for global annual temperature ranges

the greatest ranges occur in east central siberia in russia

in july, you would expect the thermal equator

to be entirely in the northern hemisphere and more northward over continents

In surface energy budgets, longwave raditation (+LW) arriving at the Earth’s surface

comes primarily frorm infared energy emitted by the atmosphere

The great circulations in the ocean basins occur around the ____ pressure systems and are known as ____.

subtropical high; gyres

Air flow along the surface of the earth is initated by the

pressure gradient force

If the earth did not rotate, air would flow

perpindicular to the isobars, i.e., straight across the isobars

Upper tropospheric winds that flow parallel to isobars are called

geostrophic winds

The c