Chapter 10 (Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Disorders)

1.) The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the articulation between the condyle of the mandible and the

a) zygomatic process of the temporal bone.

b) glenoid fossa of the temporal bone.

c) external acoustic meatus.

d) spine of the sphenoid bone.

a) zygomatic process of the temporal bone.

b) glenoid fossa of the temporal bone.

c) external acoustic meatus.

d) spine of the sphenoid bone.

2.) Which statement about the articular disc in the TMJ joint is true?

a) It is attached to the anterior and posterior aspects of the condyle.

b) It is attached to the inferior belly of the medial pterygoid muscle.

c) The disc is highly vascular.

d) The disc is surrounded and protected by the fibrous connective tissue joint capsule.

a) It is attached to the anterior and posterior aspects of the condyle.

b) It is attached to the inferior belly of the medial pterygoid muscle.

c) The disc is highly vascular.

d) The disc is surrounded and protected by the fibrous connective tissue joint capsule.

3.) Which choice represents an indirect form of trauma affecting the TMJ?

a) Clenching, bruxism

b) Whiplash injury

c) Psychosocial factors

d) Osteoarthritis

a) Clenching, bruxism

b) Whiplash injury

c) Psychosocial factors

d) Osteoarthritis

4.) Clicking and popping most commonly reflect

a) parafunctional habits such as bruxism and clenching.

b) disc displacement with reduction.

c) malocclusion.

d) trismus.

a) parafunctional habits such as bruxism and clenching.

b) disc displacement with reduction.

c) malocclusion.

d) trismus.

5.) Which dental radiographic procedure is best for examining disc position, function, form, and the presence of joint effusions?

a) Panoramic imaging

b) Transcranial imaging

c) Computerized tomography (CT)

d) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

a) Panoramic imaging

b) Transcranial imaging

c) Computerized tomography (CT)

d) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

6.) An open lock of the TMJ that the patient cannot reduce is termed

a) subluxation.

b) dislocation.

c) ankylosis.

d) myofascial pain.

a) subluxation.

b) dislocation.

c) ankylosis.

d) myofascial pain.

7.) Which statement is characteristic of a patient with osteoarthritis?

a) It is characterized by pain that is worse in the morning.

b) It is characterized by pain that is worse in the evening.

c) It is an inflammatory, autoimmune disorder of the joints.

d) Approximately 50% to 75% of patients have involvement of the TMJ during the course of the disease.

a) It is characterized by pain that is worse in the morning.

b) It is characterized by pain that is worse in the evening.

c) It is an inflammatory, autoimmune disorder of the joints.

d) Approximately 50% to 75% of patients have involvement of the TMJ during the course of the disease.

8.) The purpose of the synovial fluid is to

a) provide nourishment and lubrication.

b) divide the space into upper and lower compartments.

c) govern mandibular movement.

d) separate forces resulting from movement.

a) provide nourishment and lubrication.

b) divide the space into upper and lower compartments.

c) govern mandibular movement.

d) separate forces resulting from movement.

9.) Trauma affecting the TMJ is classified as direct, indirect, and secondary to parafunctional habits. Which is an example of a parafunctional habit?

a) Whiplash injury

b) Assault

c) Surgery

d) Clenching

a) Whiplash injury

b) Assault

c) Surgery

d) Clenching

10.) The most common systemic conditions that affect the TMJ are

a) Sjögren syndrome and scleroderma.

b) rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

c) gout and Reiter syndrome.

d) ankylosing spondylitis and mixed connective tissue disease.

a) Sjögren syndrome and scleroderma.

b) rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

c) gout and Reiter syndrome.

d) ankylosing spondylitis and mixed connective tissue disease.

11.) Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) can be caused by disorders of the muscles of mastication or by internal derangements of the components of the joint. Three cardinal features that suggest TMD include orofacial pain, joint noise, and restricted jaw function.

a) Both statements are true.

b) Both statements are false.

c) The first statement is true; the second is false.

d) The first statement is false; the second is true.

a) Both statements are true.

b) Both statements are false.

c) The first statement is true; the second is false.

d) The first statement is false; the second is true.

12.) Hypermobility in which the patient is able to relocate the mandible back into the glenoid fossa is referred to as

a) subluxation.

b) dislocation.

c) ankylosis.

d) myofascial pain.

a) subluxation.

b) dislocation.

c) ankylosis.

d) myofascial pain.

13.) Opening, or depressor function, of the mandible is accomplished primarily by the _____________ muscle.

a) medial pterygoid

b) lateral pterygoid

c) masseter

d) temporalis

a) medial pterygoid

b) lateral pterygoid

c) masseter

d) temporalis

14.) ____________ ankylosis is the most common type seen in the TMJ.

a) Fibrotic intraarticular

b) Bony intraarticular

c) Fibrotic extraarticular

d) Bony extraarticular

a) Fibrotic intraarticular

b) Bony intraarticular

c) Fibrotic extraarticular

d) Bony extraarticular

15.) Which term describes the inability to fully open the mouth?

a) Trismus

b) Articulation

c) Fusion

d) Crepitus

a) Trismus

b) Articulation

c) Fusion

d) Crepitus