GMOS

Genetically Modified Organisms

an organism that has had its DNA or genetic material altered or modified in some way through genetic engineering

Gene Mutation

Gene Insertion

Gene Deletion

Genetic modification usually involves genes to be modified in one of the 3 following ways…

Genetic Modification of Bacteria

easiest organisms to engineer

modified for research, food production, pharmaceutical drug production, agriculture, and art

potential for use in environmental purposes or as medicine

Genetic Modification of Fungi

modified for use in research, food production, pharmaceutical drug production, agriculture, and art

potential for use in environmental purposes or as medicine

Genetic Modification of Viruses

plan an important role as vectors for inserting genetical information into other organisms

Viral Vectors

tools commonly used by molecular biologists to deliver genetic material into cells

Genetic Modification of Plants

have been engineered for scientific research, to create new colors in plants, deliver vaccines, and to create enhanced crops

Genetic Modification of Plants

have the most human health and environmental benefits

Genetic Modifications of Animals

most of it is still at research stage

Mammals

best model organisms for humans, thus are important for research of human diseases and treatment

Livestock

modified with the intention of improving economically important traits including growth rate, quality of meat, milk composition, disease resistance, and survival

Fish

used for scientific research, pets, and as a good source

Selective Breeding or Artificial Selection

The process by which humans use animal breeding or plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits by choosing which animal or plant male and female will reproduce the next generation of animal or plant