lecture 10: cranial review

•Motility of CNS

•Fluctuation of CSF

•Mobility of intracranial / intraspinal membranes (reciprocal tension)

•Articular mobility of cranial bones

•Involuntary motion of sacrum between ilia

what are the 5 components of the primary respiratory mechanism model?

flexess

-extends during contraction phase

during the expansion phse the SBS

•All Midline individual bones are said to either Flex or Extend around a transverse axis

•All Paired bones are said to either internally rotate or externally rotate

motion of midline vs paired cranial bones

flexion head

•Bi-parietal diameter increases

•AP diameter decreases

extension head

•Bi-parietal diameter

decreases

•AP diameter increases

temporal, sphenoid, parietal, frontal

the overlapping bones of the pterion (superficial to deep)

sphenosquamal pivot dysfunction

cranial restriction associated with migraines in post MVA head trauma

-thoughth to be associated with middlle meningeal artery

flexion, extension, torsion (right and left), side bending rotation

physiologic strain patterns of the cranium

•Increased transverse diameter

•Forehead wide and sloping(brow prominent with forehead receding)

•AP diameter equal on both sides

•Sagittal suture flattened or depressed

findings associated with flexion dysfunction

1 AP axis

axis of torsion dysfunction

torsion

•Sphenoid and Occiput rotate in opposite directions

•Named for superior great wing of sphenoid

AP axis and bilateral vertcial axes

axes associated with sidebending rotation

sidebending rotation

•Occiput and Sphenoid rotate same direction on AP axis; side-bend away from each other on parallel vertical axes.

sidebending rotation

physiologic SD named for convexity

lateral strain

vertical strain

compression

name the non-physiologic strain patterns of SBS

bilateral parallel vertical axes

axes of lateral strain

lateral strain

•Shearing force at SBS causing Sphenoid and Occiput to rotate same direction on axes

•Named for position of basisphenoid

lateral strain

strain of the parallelogram head

-common in infants with positional plagiocephaly

parallel horizontal axes

axes of vertical strains

vertical strains

•Sphenoid and Occiput rotate same direction on parallel horizontal axes

•Named for position (superior/inferior) of base of Sphenoid

superior vertical strain

index fingers feel more inferior than 5th fingers

-flexion of the sphenoid and extension of occiput

inferior vertical strain

-index fingers feel more superior than 5th fingers

-extension of the sphenonid, flexion of occiput (cone head baby)

SBS compression

aka bowling ball head

frontal impact trauma, difficult births, and circumferential loads to the skull, but can also be seen in severe psychiatric & emotional states

most common causes of sBS compression

sphenoid

face most affected by this cranial bone

fronto-occipital hold

-Fingers contact greater wings of the sphenoid and frontals

flexion=shortening of the AP axis

temporal bone

trouble maker bone! can place pressure on trigeminal ganglion and tighten cave

•Frontal lift – Ethmoid pump OMT

cranium treatment indicated with damage to CNI

Open sinuses, decrease sinus headache, decrease dural HA (post-lumbar puncture), balance RTM

indications for frontal lift

frontal spread frontal lift

vagus nerve

•Motor to striated muscle; Parasympathetic to smooth muscle and glands; Sensory from viscera

-newborn infant: irritability, failure to thrive

-anxiety

-base of skull tension

-recurrent OA somatic dysfuntion

indications for condylar/basilar decompression

Poor CRI motion on one half cranium

symptoms associated with CN III-XI dysfunction

Congestive phenomena (cranium)

Dizziness

Posterior Headache

indications for occipitomastoid suture release

condylar decompression

soft tissue technique

cradling occiput with both hands and extending the fingers from inino as far towards the foramen magnum as possible

with slight flexion os the distal interphalangeal joints, the distracting force is held until a release or softening is felt and both sides of the occiput feel simlar