Osteomyelitis Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover the key vocabulary and definitions related to osteomyelitis, including types, causes, clinical features, and treatment.

Osteomyelitis

Inflammation of bone and bone marrow.

Acute Osteomyelitis

A type of osteomyelitis characterized by a sudden onset and often systemic infection.

Chronic Osteomyelitis

A type of osteomyelitis that persists for a long duration, resulting in repeated cycles of inflammation and healing.

Acute hematogenous type

The most common type of acute osteomyelitis, caused by infection spreading through the bloodstream.

Pyogenic Osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis primarily caused by pyogenic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus.

Sequestrum

Dead bone tissue that forms in infected sites during osteomyelitis.

Hematogenous spread

The most common route for organisms to reach the bone, via the bloodstream.

Tuberculous Osteomyelitis

A form of osteomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, often more destructive than pyogenic osteomyelitis.

Causative organisms

Pathogens responsible for causing osteomyelitis, most commonly pyogenic bacteria.

Clinical features of Acute Osteomyelitis

Symptoms include malaise, fever, chills, leukocytosis, and severe pain over the affected region.

X-ray findings

Characteristic lytic focus of bone destruction surrounded by a zone of sclerosis, indicative of osteomyelitis.

Bacterial toxins

Substances produced by bacteria that can cause damage to tissues and contribute to necrosis in osteomyelitis.

Cold abscess

A type of abscess formed in the tissue due to infection, commonly associated with tuberculous osteomyelitis.

Involucrum

New bone formation surrounding a sequestrum in chronic osteomyelitis.

Chronic complications of tuberculous osteomyelitis

May include sinus tract formation, tuberculous arthritis, and amyloidosis.