Exam 2 Part 2 - Hydrolysis of Salts & Polyprotic Acids

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19 Terms

1
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Are anions associated with conjugate bases or acids?

  • Conjugate bases (strong acids)

will be basic

2
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Are cations associated with conjugate bases or acids?

  • Conjugate acids (bases)

will be acidic

3
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How do you know if an anion is neutral?

  • Neutral: anion is a conjugate base of a strong acid (Cl-, Br-, NO3-, I-, ClO4-)

anions of strong acids

4
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How do you know if an anion is basic?

  • Basic: anion is a conjugate base of a weak acid (everything else)

5
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How do you know if a cation is neutral?

  • Neutral: cation is a conjugate acid of strong base (Grp 1 + OH- and Ba2+, Sr2+, and Ca2+ + OH-)

6
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How do you know if a cation is acidic? What is the exception?

  • Acidic: cation is a conjugate acid of a weak base (everything else, NO H)

7
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Is BaBr acidic, basic, or neutral?

  • Ba+; neutral

  • Br-; neutral

NEUTRAL

8
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Is Al(NO3)3 acidic, basic, or neutral?

  • Al3+; acidic

  • NO3-; neutral

ACIDIC

9
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What equation can be used to find KA or KB value when given KA and KB?

  • KW=KA x KB

10
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What does Kw represent when using the (KW=KA x KB)  equation?

  • Kw = 1.0 × 10^(-14)

11
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What are the steps to calculating pH of a salt?

  1. Determine whether salt is acidic, neutral, or basic

  2. Use ICE table; hydrolysis

  3. Set expression equal to Ka or Kb to find  [H3O+] or [OH-]

  4. Solve for pOH or pH

12
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When an anion contains an H, what must you do to figure out if the salt is acidic, neutral, or basic?

  • Compare KA and KB values; one at each arrow of dissociation

CHOOSE larger K value

13
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If 3 K values are given, how many times will the given ion be dissociated?

  • 4 times; 3 arrows

INCLUDE CHARGES

14
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If 2 K values are given, how many times will given ion be dissociated?

  • 3 times; 2 arrows

INCLUDE CHARGES

15
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Which direction do the Ka values point? What occurs to the anion at each dissociation?

  • Points toward right; anion loses H+ ion

16
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Which direction do the Kb values point? What occurs to the anion at each dissociation?

  • Point toward left; anion gains H+ ion

17
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How do you choose which KA(1, 2, 3) and KB (1, 2, 3)values to compare?

  • Choose arrows of KA and KB value only going AWAY from given anion

18
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After comparing, which KA and KB value do you choose?

  • Choose larger one; to determine if anion is acidic or basic

19
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In the dissociation of polyprotic acids, which Ka value do you use?

  • Use first dissociation, Ka1