B11

what is glucose

the sugar stored in respiration

what is glycogen

a storage carbohydrate found in the liver and muscles

what is the endocrine system made of

glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

why do the endocrine glands secrete hormones

to provide chemical coordination and control for the body

What hormone stimulates the ovaries to secrete oestrogen

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

What does TSH stimulate

the thyroxine gland to secrete thyroxine

What does ADH affect

the amount of urine produced by the kidney

what hormone does the pancreas release if there is too much glucose in the blood

insulin

when the stores are full, what is the glucose stored as

lipids, which can cause obesity

what does insulin cause glucose to do

move from the blood into the cells

what hormone does the pancreas release when there’s low blood sugar

glucagon

what does glucagon do

causes the glycogen in the liver to change into glucose, which is released back into the blood

type 1 diabetes

if the pancreas produces no or little insulin, the blood glucose level may become very high

type 2 diabetes

when the body doesn’t respond to its own insulin

what is one significant factor in the development of type 2 diabetes

obesity

how is type 1 diabetes traditionally treated

with human insulin produced by genetically engineered bacteris

how can type 2 diabetes be controlled

by eating a balanced diet, exercising and dieting if you’re overweight

what do negative feedback systems work to do

maintain a steady state

what does thyroxine do

controls the basal metabolic rate

what is FSH and LH secreted by

the pituitary gland

what does FSH do

makes eggs mature in their follicles in the ovaries and stimulates the ovaries to produce hormones

what is oestrogen made and secreted by

the ovaries in response to FSH

what does oestrogen do

stimulated the lining of the uterus to grow again after menstruation in preparation for pregnancy

What does Luteinising Hormone do

stimulates ovulation

what does progesterone do

maintains the lining of the uterus in the second half of the cycle so it’s ready to receive a developing embryo is the egg is fertilised

phototropism

a plant shoots grow towards light

gravitropism/geotropism

roots go down towards gravity

auxin

hormone that controls tropism

what can gibberellins be used for

to increase fruit size, end seed dormancy and promote flowering

what is ethene used for

fruit ripening