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Line

a stroke or mark that can be straight, curved, thick, or thin.

Depending on the look and how it is used, a line may be utilized to suggest movement, emotions, depth, distance, and rhythm.

shape

a space enclosed by lines

The use of shapes

can dictate the point of view of the viewer or audience called, perspective. Perspective changes depending on a shape’s size and angles

Artists use perspective techniques to create a realistic impression of depth, 'play with' perspective to present dramatic or disorientating images.

Bird’s Eye View

You see the scene from above, as if you’re flying like a bird.

Effect: Makes objects look smaller, emphasizing height and distance.

Worm’s Eye View

- You see the scene from below, as if you’re a worm looking up. Effect: Makes objects look taller and more dramatic.

Linear Perspective

- It uses lines that converge at a point (vanishing point) to create depth. Effect: Makes a flat surface look 3D, creating depth and realism.

Form

pertains to a three-dimensional shape or any shape that has length, width, and depth. Forms help create the illusion of a three-dimensional design in a two-dimensional plane, like in interior design or architectural design.

Color

refers to the product when light hits an object then reflected to the eyes.

Value is

how light (tint) and dark (shade) a color is

The color of an artwork is most often the first element a viewer evaluates and interprets. The use and value of color creates the mood of an artwork.

Space

is the area surrounding, between, and within an object; can either be positive or negative.

can change a lot of things in an artwork. It illustrates the distance between objects, perspective, depth, as well as size. It helps evoke a different message based on the relationship of the foreground, middle ground and background.

Positive space

space is the area occupied by any object, usually the foreground or object itself

Negative space

is the area surrounding an object.

Texture

pertains to the visual perception of the surface of any object

The texture of an artwork can be experienced either through seeing or feeling it.

Using the other elements of art, the artist can recreate the surface quality of an object, which greatly contributes to realism or the imitation of life itself.

Optical illusions of the actual textures of objects are recreated in paintings and drawing

Value

s one of the elements of art that dictates how light or dark a color appears. Whether you're working with acrylic paints, watercolors, pastels, or graphite, a basic tonal shift in the value of a color can communicate light source, focal point, and depth

Rhythm

the flow or movement of music through time

- primarily focuses on the steady and regular pulse

Tempo

the speed of the music

Dynamics

the softness and loudness of music

Timbre

tone color

- describe human voices such as alto, soprano, tenor, bass

The melody

part of music is considered the most memorable -the series of notes together

Harmony

the sound of two or more notes heard at the same time - the accompanying sound to the melody

Texture

to create layers of musical sounds

Monophonic

single melody without harmony

Homophonic

has melody and harmony

Polyphonic

multiple melodies played at once

Dance

“danson” means to stretch. -

a means of expressing one’s emotions and ideas through movement disciplined by rhythm.

Body

the body is the medium used by the dance artist in expressing his/her craft.

Action

pertains to the movements that the dancer performs, which includes the dance steps, facial expressions, and gestures. It can either be part of the choreography or the dancer may improvise or add additional movements to the routine

Space

is the relationship of the dancer to another dancer and the area where the dance occurs. The space can be analyzed through the place where the dancer is, whether they are dancing on a spot (personal space) or through the space (general space)

Direction

if the movement is forward, backward, sideward, diagonally forward, diagonally backward

Level

if the movement is high, medium, or low level

Size

if the movement is small action or larger action

Focus

indicates the way in which the dancer and the movement will travel, or where the dancers want the audience to look.

Time

it is the rhythm, metered or free, in dance. This includes the timing of actions and patterns.

Clocked time

Based on units of seconds, minutes and/or hour

Sensed Time

moving based on other timing

Event-Sequence

triggered by internal or external signals

Energy

it is how dance movements happen. This helps convey the emotion of the routine. Dance movements can be sharp or smooth, strong or light, free flowing or with sudden stops, powerful or gentle, etc.

Local

Belonging or connected with a particular place or area that you are taking about or with the place where you live.

Local Hospital, Local Church, Local Music

Local Materials

The resources that can be found readily in large quantity at a particular location or are at a certain time

- Materials that can be used to fabricate (create) a finished element (product)

- Materials that could be abundant in some area but are not available in another.

Bamboo or Kawayan

is used as a raw material in creating many products.

Bamboo is used in various ways

Construction: Building frameworks, sculptures, and installations.

Weaving: Creating intricate patterns and textures.

Musical Instruments: Crafting unique and resonant instruments.

Abaca

also called Manila Hemp, belongs to the family of bananas. Its fiber has natural luster of colors ranging from pure white to ivory and dark brown.

Products made from Abaca

: Slippers, Ropes, Twine, Hammock, Frame, Display Jar, Fashion pieces and accessories.

Coconut Shells or Bao

- are used for wood carving, improvised cooking utensils and myriads of other uses. Laminated coconut shells are considered as almost the same as the quality and appearance of turquoise shells or ivory

are bountiful anywhere in the country where coconut palm trees, scientifically known as Cocos nucifera, are planted. These shells are byproducts of coconut fruit processing

Coconut Shells is used in various ways

Handicrafts and Decorative Items Utensils and Tableware Musical Instruments Jewelry and Accessorie

Rattan

belongs to the palm belonging to the subfamily of Calamoideae family which can be high or low climbers, single stemmed or clustered rattan species.

Products made from Rattan

Baskets, picture frames, furniture, wall covering, folding doors

Coconut Leaves

are the fronds that grow from coconut palm trees or Cocos Nucifera.

Coconut Leaves is used in various ways

Shelter: Thatching for roofs and walls. Crafts: Weaving baskets, mats, and other items. Food: Wrapping food for cooking. Fuel: Dried leaves can be used as firewood. Decoration: Used in festivals and celebrations.

Rocks or Stones

of various types are abundant. They vary in size and color, allowing for varied art forms.

Rocks or Stones is used in various ways

Handicrafts and Decorative Items Jewelry and Accessories

Corn Husks

the leafy outer coverings of ears of corn, are a versatile natural material with a long history of use in various cultures, including the Philippines.

Traditional uses

Food Wrapping, Doll Making, Mats, Baskets, Textile arts, and Fashion design

Plant Seeds

can be acquired from farms and rural areas. Others can be bought commercially like corn, sorghum, mung beans, sunflower and the like. Seed art can be found in certain localities. They are distinct for their creative and colorful designs.

Katsa

is made from cotton fibers that have not been bleached, giving it a natural, off-white or cream color. Katsa is used in various ways: Canvas Alternative for Painting Block Printing/Screen Printing Embroidery Projects Bags Decorations

Technique

is the manner in which artist use and manipulate materials to achieve the desired formal effect, and communicate the desired concept or meaning, according to his or her personal style

The distinctive character or nature of the medium determines the technique.

Example: Stone is chiseled Wood is carved Clay is modeled and shapes Metal is cast Thread is Woven

Traditional techniques used by the Filipinos even from the past years are depicted in our painting, sculpture, dance, architecture, music and even textile, it only proves that Filipinos like any other people in the world can be very proud of our Philippine Arts.

Wood Carving –

a technique encompassing any form of working wood with a tool into some sort of aesthetic object.

Molding –

a technique of shaping liquid or pliable material such as clay. Traditional pottery making in the Philippines involves the method of molding. Pottery making in the Philippines is one of the longest traditions in the Philippine Art

Fabric Weaving

s a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth

Textile Hand

weaving is one of the most attractive and interesting traditional crafts of the Philippines, imbued with romanticism and laden with cultural significance.

Basketry Technique -

There are four different types of basketry methods. Some of the terms that are specific to basket weaving include loops, twinning, ribs and spokes. The common raw materials used in making baskets are rattan, abaca, nito, tikog, buri, bamboo, pandan, coconut leaves, palm leaves. There are several baskets that use combined raw materials.

4 Types of Basketry Methods

 Coiling- This involves interweaving materials in an over-under pattern, often at right angles.

 Twinning- This technique uses two or more flexible materials (weft) that are woven around stiffer vertical elements (warp).

 Plaiting- This method involves spiraling a continuous foundation material and then stitching it together.

 Wicker- This method involves spiraling a continuous foundation material and then stitching it together.