American Government: Power and Purpose Chapter 7

expressed powers

the powers enumerated in the constitution that are granted to the federal government

delegated powers

constitutional powers assigned to one government agency but exercised by another agency with the express permission of the first

inherent powers

powers claimed by a president that are not expressed in the constitution but are inferred from it

commander in chief

the power of the president as commander of the national military and the state national guard units (when called into service)

reprieve

cancellation or postponement of a punishment

pardon

forgiveness of a crime and cancellation of relevant penalty

amnesty

a pardon extended to a group of persons

executive agreement

an agreement between the president and another country that has the force of a treaty but does not require in the Senate's "advice and consent"

executive privilege

the claim that confidential communications between the president and the president's close advisers should not be revealed without the consent of the president

line-item veto

the power of the executive to veto specific provisions (lines) of a bill passed by the legislature

war powers resolution

a resolution of congress declaring that the president can send troops into action abroad only by authorization of congress or if US troops are already under attack or seriously threatened

legislative initiative

the president's inherent power to bring a legislative agenda before congress

executive orders

a rule or regulation issued by the president that has the effect and formal status of legislative

cabinet

the secretaries or chief administrators of the major departments of the federal government. secretaries are appointed by the president with the consent of the Senate

national security council

a presidential foreign policy advisory council composed of the president, the vice president, the secretaries of state, defense, and the treasury, the attorney general and the other officials invited by the president

white house staff

the analysts and advisers to the president often given title "special assistant"

kitchen cabinet

an informal group of advisers to whom the president turns for counsel and guidance. Members of the official cabinet may or may not be members

executive office of the president

the permanent agencies that perform defined management tasks for the president. includes the office of management and budget, the council of economic advisers, the national security council and other agencies

regulatory review

the OMB function of reviewing all agency regulations and other rule making before they become official policy

signing statement

an announcement made by the president when a bill is signed into law