APUSH Constitution Test

Illinois Constitution Test If there are more than one blank in the answer, put a slash in between the two words to fill in the blank

preamble

purpose statement; states that the government is driven by the people; ratified in 1788

make laws

function of the legislative branch

Senate

upper house; 6 year term length; 100 members

House of Representatives

lower house; 2 year term length; 435 members (determined by Census)

be at least 30 years old; be a citizen for at least 9 years; live in the state you are running for

requirements to be a US senator

be at least 25 years old; be a citizen for at least 7 years; live in the district you are running for

requirements to be a US house representative

Speaker of the House

leader of the house of representatives; chosen by the majority party; more power than the leaders of the Senate

VP/President Pro Tempore

leaders of the Senate; ___ votes in cases of tie, while the __________________ is the longest serving Senator

House of Representatives/Senate

the _____ has the power to impeach with a simple majority; the ______ runs the trial of impeachment and can remove someone from office with a 2/3 majority vote

reserved powers

powers given to the states; an example of this is the state’s power to run elections

once

Congress must meet _____ a year

Quorum

the minimum number needed for official Congressional business (majority, in this case)

2/3 majority

the amount of votes to expel a member of Congress, override a presidential veto, and make treatise

Congressional Record

every speech and vote given is recorded to ensure public transparency

congressional immunity

protection from being arrested while doing Congressional work to prevent the other party from preventing voting

revenue bills

all __________ must start in the house of representatives, while other bills can be proposed by either house

either house/president

_______ proposes a bill, which then goes to the other house. once approved, it goes to the ________, who has 3 options

veto, pocket veto, or sign

when given a bill, the president has 10 days to…

pocket veto

the president lets the bill expire without signing it into law and without outright vetoing it

enumerated/delegated laws

explicitly written in the Constitution

1. collect taxes

2. borrow money

3. regulate commerce

4. define naturalization

5. coin money

6. establish post offices

7. declare war and grant Letters of Marque

8. raise and support army and navy (draft)

9. establish lower courts

powers of Congress

elastic/necessary and proper clause/implicit powers

Congress is able to “To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all Powers vested by this Constitution”

50.1% (simple majority)

What percentage is needed to carry out Congress’s powers?

habeas corpus

one cannot be detained indefinitely; you cannot be held without being charged for a crime

1. cannot ban slave trade until 1808

2. no suspension of habeas corpus unless during war

3. no ex post facto law or bill of attainders

4. no tax on interstate trade

5. expenditures of public money should be published

6. no titles of nobility can be granted

limits on the powers of Congress

ex post facto law

retroactive law; punishes people who did things in the past, before they were illegal

bill of attainder

punishment for an entire group of people (ex. loyalists)

enforce laws

function of the executive branch

requirements to be eligible for president

be at least 35 years old; be a natural born citizen; live in the United States for 14 years

electoral college

directly elect the president; number of congresspeople for each state

4 years

presidential term length

house of representatives

if no candidate receives a majority of electoral votes, the ____________ votes for president.

$400,000

the president gets compensated _____ for their work

Oath of Office

“I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States and, will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States.”

1. act as Commander in Chief (directs the military)

2. grand pardons except in cases of impeachment

3. make treaties with 2/3 approval from Senate

4. nominate advisors, ambassadors, and judges

presidential powers

1. State of the Union address

2. convene and adjourn Congress

3. receive ambassadors

4. “take care that the laws be faithfully executed”

presidential responsibilities/requirements

treason, high crimes, bribery, and misdemeanors

impeachment of the president is possible for…

interpret the laws (rule laws to be unconstitutional)

function of the judicial branch

no age/citizenship requirements; must get approved by the Senate

What are the requirements to be a supreme court judge?

Congress

Who creates the court system?

fugitive slaves

the Constitution used to require _____ to be extradited from states

original jurisdiction

directly brought to the supreme court

appellate jurisdiction

cases come on appeal from lower courts (supreme court determines which cases they will take on appeal)

treason

levying war against the US or giving aid/comfort to our enemies

testimony of at least 2 witnesses; confession in open court

What does conviction of treason require?

life

How long do Supreme Court justices serve?

Congress

Who annexes new states?

no state can be made by dividing or combining states without their consent

What are the restrictions on the admission of new states?

extradition

the delivery of fugitives/suspects to return to their home state

“Full Faith and Credit” law

“Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the [laws] of every other State.”

national government/state

__________ will protect republican governments within each ______ and protect them from invasion and violence.

two-thirds/three-fourths

____ of Congress must vote to propose a new amendment; ____ of states must ratify the new amendment for it to be added to the Constitution

9

How many states were needed to ratify the original Constitution?

Supremacy Clause

the Constitution is the supreme law of land; states are bound to have laws within constitutional limits

government officials

Who must take an oath to support the Constitution?

a religious test

What may never be used to test the qualifications of candidates for office?

Rhode Island

only state to not have delegates present at the Constitutional Convention to sign the document

Bill of Rights

amendments 1 through 10, which were promised to people to get them to support the Constitution

1st amendment

freedom of religion, speech (unless it incites violence), press, assembly, and petition

2nd amendment

right to keep and bear arms if a well-regulated militia is present

3rd amendment

no quartering of soldiers in peacetime without consent of homeowner; no quartering of soldiers during war without prescription by law

4th amendment

protection from unreasonable searches and seizure; requires a warrant based on probable cause

5th amendment

indictment by grand jury required for felonies; protection from double jeopardy and self-incrimination; requirement of the due process of law

compensation

private property cannot be taken without ______

due process of law

know what evidence is being used and have the opportunity to explain it

6th amendment

right to a speedy and public trial, an impartial jury, be informed of charges, hear witnesses, have a lawyer

7th amendment

trial by jury provided for civil suits in cases of over $20

8th amendment

protection from cruel and unusual punishment

9th amendment

implied rights exist (ex. right to privacy, travel, and death)

10th amendment

powers not delegated to the national government are given to the states

11th amendment

a state cannot be sued by citizens of another state

12th amendment

there is a separate electoral college vote for the president and the vice president

13th amendment

abolishes slavery

14th amendment

1. all people born/naturalized in the US are citizens

2. no person can be denied “equal protection” under the laws

3. abolished the 3/5ths clause

4. no former Confederates can hold a government position

5. no Confederate debt assumed by the national gov’t

6. Congress has power to enforce this amendment through legislation

15th amendment

the right to vote cannot be denied due to race

16th amendment

congress has the power to collect income taxes

17th amendment

direct election of Senators

18th amendment

prohibition

19th amendment

right to vote cannot be denied due to sex

20th amendment

inauguration date changed to January (from March)

21st amendment

repeals prohibition

22nd amendment

two term limit for president

23rd amendment

DC has representation in the electoral college

24th amendment

abolished poll taxes

25th amendment

sets the rules for presidential succession (VP); president can nominate someone for VP, if the spot is vacant, with majority vote of Congress; VP can be acting president, if the president is unable to carry out their duties

26th amendment

right to vote at 18

27th amendment

a pay raise for members of Congress will not take place until after the next election (cannot raise their own pay)

Illinois preamble

ratified in 1970 (modern); promotes more social equality; certain phrases repeated from the national Constitution

Illinois Bill of Rights

includes the rights of the Constitution and….

1. protection from eavesdropping and communications

2. rights of accused are more specific (ex. right to be in court in person)

3. rights guaranteed for crime victims (ex. right to witness the trial and receive information)

4. no discrimination in employment or property sale

5. ERA for women

6. protection against discrimination of the handicapped

7. Individual Dignity: anti-hate speech (more limited)

checks and balances; enumerated powers do not limit government power

What is included in the Illinois powers of the state?

1. must be 18

2. must have lived in the state for 30 days before you can register to vote

3. registration by general assembly cannot exceed 30 days prior to the election

4. lose right to vote if you are a felon in prison

5. a petition signed by 15% of voters cast for governor may propose a recall election

   • if the majority votes to recall, governor is immediately removed

6. no person can be denied voting rights

Illinois suffrage and elections

59

number of Illinois senatorial districts

118

number of Illinois representative districts

21 years old or more; live in the district for 2 years; be a US citizen

requirements to run for Illinois office

2 or 4 year terms

how long do Illinois senators serve?

appointment by governor until next election (must be the same party as the previous official)

How are vacancies filled?

1. same size in population

2. redrawn every 10 years

3. approved

requirements for Illinois legislative and representative districts

General Assembly

Illinois’ Congress; elections held in even numbered years; typically open to public and published; president leads the general assembly’s senate, while the speaker of the house leads the general assembly’s house of representatives

2/3 majority

How many votes are needed to expel a member of the Illinois Congress?

either house

________ can propose any bill in the Illinois state government