Kingdom Plantae Vocabulary

Archegomium

Female reproductive organ that produces female gametes in mosses and ferns.

Antheridium

Male reproductive organ that produces male gametes in mosses and ferns.

Sperm

Male reproductive cell, haploid.

Egg

Female reproductive cell, haploid.

gamete

Reproductive cell (male or female) produced by the gametophyte

gametophyte

Haploid generation of a plant life cycle.

meiosis

Cell division that produces haploid gametes.

rhizoid

a rootlike structure in nonvascular plants that holds the plants in place and helps plants get water and nutrients

vascular tissue

Transports water and photosynthetic products throughout the plant (xylem and phloem).

zygote

The first cell of the sporophyte generation after two gametes unite and fertilize

sorus

cluster of sporangia on the underside of a fern frond

rhizome

a horizontal, underground stem that produces new leaves, shoots in fern plants

prothallus

The heart shaped gametophyte of a fern plant.

monocotyledon

Type of angiosperm meaning one embryonic seed leaf.

dicotyledon

Type of angiosperm with net-like veins in their leaves, floral parts in 4's or 5's or multiples of.

haploid

Half the number of chromosomes (n)

diploid

A full set of chromosomes (2n)

sporophyte

Diploid generation of a plant life cycle

spore

Microscopic, haploid, reproductive structures dispersed in the air. Found in fungi, mosses, and ferns.

protonema

The name for the young gametophyte of a moss.

frond

Leaf structure of a fern.

bryophyte

Examples of this phylum are mosses, liverworts, and hornworts; they are classified as non-vascular plants.

fern

Vascular plants that do not produce seeds.

gymnosperm

Seed bearing plants that are classified by their "naked" seeds on cones.

angiosperm

Vascular plants that produce seeds in an enclosed fruit.