What is Title 8 CCR 5208 and 29 CFR 1910.1001?
General Industry
What is plenum space?
An enclosed space that is used for airflow. Example: the area above a drop ceiling.
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What is Title 8 CCR 5208 and 29 CFR 1910.1001?
General Industry
What is plenum space?
An enclosed space that is used for airflow. Example: the area above a drop ceiling.
What is fibrosis?
formation of scar tissue in the lungs
What is mesothelioma?
Cancer that arises from the mesothelial cells of the pleura is caused by asbestos fibers
What is Asbestosis
Asbestosis is a condition developed in the lungs as a result of inhalation of asbestosis fibers.
What is AHERA?
Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act
What is the dose-response relationship with asbestos and cancer?
The correlation between exposure to asbestos and disease (i.e. cumulative effect of high exposure and short duration or chronic exposure over longer duration)
What is the most common asbestos related disease?
Asbestosis
What can a B-reader do?
Interpret Chest X-rays
What type of encapsulation forms a "hard shell" or membrane over the surface?
Bridging encapsulation
What type encapsulation does not leave a discreet surface layer?
Penetrating encapsulation
Bridging Encapsulant
The type of encapsulation that forms a hard shell on the outside of asbestos-containing material is called a (n):
(ex. If used on soil it would form a hard layer over the soil that would break if disturbed)
Penetrating Encapsulant
The type of encapsulant that is absorbed into the asbestos matrix, and binds the components together. (n):
(ex. If used on soil it would be absorbed and then form a lump of hardened material)
How far does penetrating encapsulant penetrate?
13mm (1/2 inch)
Removal Encapsulant
Penetrating encapsulant specifically designed to minimize fiber release during removal of asbestos-containing materials rather than for encapsulation.
Encapsulate
A liquid material which can be applied to asbestos-containing material which controls the possible release of asbestos fibers from the material either by creating a membrane over the surface (Bridging encapsulant)
or by penetrating into the material and binding it's components together (Penetrating encapsulant)
what is ACBM?
Asbestos Containing Building Material (interior and >1%)
What is ACCM?
Asbestos Containing Construction Material (>0.1%; greater than one-tenth of one percent by weight)
This is defined by Cal-OSHA
ACCM must be verified by at least...
400 point count
When a school has friable asbestos they...?
Must implement an Asbestos Management Plan with yearly notification to any changes in ACM conditions
What is ACM?
Asbestos-containing material is defined as any material containing more than 1% asbestos; >1%.
Non-friable Asbestos Containing Material (ACM) is considered hazardous.
False.
Non-friable asbestos can become friable.
Through Mechanical (power tools) means during removal.
Non-friable asbestos waste require a DOT manifest.
False.
An EPA ID is not required with non-friable asbestos waste. However proper documentation is still required.
ACCM waste requires a DOT manifest.
False. Although, it can be hauled with general demolition debris the receiving waste facility should be notified prior to receiving waste in order to properly secure the waste.
How long does Asbestos stay in the air?
48-72 hours to settle.
(Theoretically, it could stay airborne indefinitely as any disturbance to the airborne fiber can cause it to rise back into the breathing zones.)
Chrysotile
White asbestos - is the most commonly used form of asbestos. It can be found today in the roofs, ceilings, walls, and floors of homes and businesses. Manufacturers also used chrysotile asbestos in automobile brake linings, gaskets and boiler seals, and insulation for pipes, ducts, and appliances.
Estimated to be used in at least 80% of building materials.
Amosite asbestos
brown asbestos - was used most frequently in cement sheets and pipe insulation. It can also be found in insulating boards, ceiling tiles, and thermal insulation products
Crocidolite asbestos
blue asbestos - was commonly used to insulate steam engines. It was also used in some spray-on coatings, pipe insulation, plastics, and cement products
Anthophyllite Asbestos
was used in limited quantities for insulation products and construction materials. It also occurs as a contaminant in chrysotile asbestos, vermiculite, and talc. It may have a grey, dull green, or white color
Tremolite and actinolite
are not used commercially, but they can be found as contaminants in chrysotile asbestos, vermiculite and talc. These two chemically similar minerals can be brown, white, green, gray or transparen
What is NIOSH?
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
EPA recommends how many samples per friable material?
9
(EPA always recommends 9 samples no matter the sample or surface area. However, the 3,5,7 rule is a requirement for friable materials)
TEM Cartridges are?
Transmission Electron Microscope 25mm 0.45μm + 5.0μm MCE (mixed cellulose ester) filter Material; Static conductive extension cowl for AHERA clearances
PCM cartridges are?
Phase Contrast Microscopy 25mm 0.8μm MCE (mixed cellulose ester) filter; Static conductive extension cowl for Non-AHERA Clearances
3 things to know about Chrysotile?
80% of asbestos was used in buildings
White, long, and curly,
Hydrophilic (easily wets)
Three things to know about Amosite?
Less than 15% of asbestos used in building materials
Brown
Hydrophobic (repels water)
Three things to know about Crocidolite?
Less than 5% of asbestos used in building materials
Blue; Long and straight
Typically used in high heat applications (brakes, gaskets, etc.)
Asbestos fibers are best described as?
A naturally occurring mineral
What is NOA?
Naturally Occurring Asbestos
The most common variety of asbestos used in building materials?
Chrysotile
What is the type of asbestos material that is referred to as "blue" asbestos?
Crocidolite
Main route of exposure for asbestos?
Through inhalation
What three diseases are asbestos related?
Lung Cancer, Asbestosis, and Mesothelioma
Lung Cancer is?
A cancer of the lung tissue
Mesothelioma is?
A cancer of the lining surrounding the lungs
Asbestosis is?
A scarring of the lungs
The incidence rate of lung cancer among occupationally exposed workers who smoke is?
90x greater
Asbestosis can be described as?
An Asbestos specific disease
A scarring of the lungs at the alveoli area
A disease that inhibits the transfer of oxygen to the blood
Asbestos was first used commercially in the US in what years?
1890-1920
What was the first major use of asbestos?
TSI (Thermal System Insulation)
The Latency period is?
The time period from when an individual is exposed and the diagnosis of a disease
The primary objective of AHERA is?
Identify and safely manage asbestos in the building
The primary objective of the NESHAP is
To Control the generation and disposal of asbestos waste
What is NESHAP?
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants under the authority of Section 112 of the CAA, and asbestos was one of the first hazardous air pollutants regulated
What is the primary objective of the OSHA asbestos regulations?
To require employers to protect employees who perform asbestos related work
OSHA's current Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for asbestos as Time Weighted Average (TWA) is?
0.1f/cc; one-tenth of a fiber per cubic centimeter
AHERA requires TSI to be sampled in what way?
Randomly with a minimum of 3 samples
What types of buildings require an AHERA certified asbestos building inspector?
Housing greater than 4 units (i.e. apartments and duplex buildings)
Public and commercial buildings
Schools
Labs are required by NIST to have what certification to analyze bulk and TEM asbestos samples?
NVLAP (National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program)
What are the two objectives of the AHERA Asbestos Building Inspector?
To identify all the ACBM and to assess the condition of all friable and TSI ACBM
What information does the Inspectors assessment report provide?
The current condition of all friable and TSI ACBM and it's potential for disturbance
The Asbestos building inspector can obtain and use ____ drawings for information on the presence and potential quantity of fireproofing in the building?
Architectural and Structural
The 3, 5, 7 rule applies to what suspect material?
Friable surfacing material
(i.e. spray on or troweled on fireproofing or insulation)
What is the 3 - 5 - 7 rule?
The number of samples required per total square footage of friable ACM
3 samples for <1,000 SF; less than one thousand square feet.
5 samples for 1,000 SF to 5,000 SF
7 samples for >5,000 SF; greater than five thousand square feet
When sampling a patch of boiler insulation that is 2'x1' how many samples must you take?
1. TSI patches less than 3 SF do not need to be sampled randomly with a minimum of 3 samples.
Who is responsible for designating functional spaces in school?
The Project Designer and Management Planner
Fireproofing, Sprayed on "popcorn" ceiling, and wall texture are all considered to be _____ by AHERA
Surfacing Material
A homogenous area of fireproofing with 10% localized damage would be classified into what assessment category?
Damaged Surfacing, Assessment Category 2
How does an Asbestos Building Inspector determine the potential for disturbance?
Through the material's potential for disturbance by physical contact, air erosion, and vibration
A pipe chase, a class room and the plenum above a drop ceiling are considered to be?
Functional Spaces
How does the AHERA building Inspector determine friability?
By touch
What is the regulatory definition of friability?
the tendency of a solid substance to break into smaller pieces under hand pressure
What does AHERA consider to be the three classes of building materials?
TSI, Surfacing, and Miscellaneous
How many quality assurance samples does the EPA recommend?
1 per building or 1 per 20 samples whichever is greater
According to OSHA, bulk sampling is considered to be what classification of asbestos work?
Class III O&M (operations and maintenance)
A vibration boot on an air handling system, roofing material, and 9"x9" floor tile is considered to be what, under AHERA?
Suspect Asbestos Containing Materials
Bulk samples are analyzed utilizing _____ method of microscopy
PLM (Polarized Light Microscopy)
The limit of detection by X-Ray Diffusion (XRD) is?
1%
An asbestos building Inspector is ___ exempted from the requirement of wearing a respirator
Never
"Significantly Damaged Surfacing" is an example of what, by AHERA?
An appropriate written assessment of ACM
Placing a bollard in the ground adjacent to a boiler with sprayed-on TSI so that people and equipment cannot bump into it is an example of a?
Preventative measure
How is a preventative measure defined?
An action taken to reduce the potential of a ACBM becoming damaged or significantly damaged
Repair, Removal, encapsulation or enclosure is considered to be?
A Response action
The most appropriate response action as defined by AHERA is?
The one that protects human health and the environment in the least burdensome manner
What is the required response action to significantly damaged friable surfacing ACBM?
Immediately isolate the functional space and remove, enclose, or encapsulate the material
A school is required to have an O&M (Operation and Maintenance) Plan when...?
Whenever a k-12 school building contains friable or assumed ACBM
Notifications to buildings occupants, response action work, and periodic maintenance and inspection records are all...?
Records that must be kept as part of the management plan
A "Hazard Assessment" is developed by the Management Planner in order to?
Prioritize response actions
For each response action, the Management Planner must...?
Specify the means and methods to used for completing each response action.
The Management Planner can achieve "the least burdensome manner" by?
Combining the asbestos removal work with other concurrent or scheduled work
AHERA requires that warning labels be placed...?
Immediately adjacent to any friable and non-friable ACBM in routine maintenance areas
What are the components of an O&M program?
A schedule for periodic cleaning in areas that contain ACBM
Training for custodial and maintenance employees
Records of periodic surveillance
Why would AHERA consider Acoustical ceiling texture in the school's band room to pose the greatest hazard to the building occupants?
It is considered to be a friable sprayed-on material in an occupied space with frequent disturbances.
TSI above a drop ceiling, if damaged would be contained in the plenum.
While the ACM floor tile also in an occupied space with frequent physical contact, it is considered to be non-friable and non-hazardous. Any fiber release would be considered minimal.
The falling or dislodging of more than 3 square feet or 3 linear feet of friable ACBM is considered to be?
A major fiber release episode, by AHERA.
OSHA Class II Asbestos work is defined as?
Maintenance level work that disturbs ACM and generates waste no greater than one glove-bag or waste bag no greater than 60"x60" (5'x5')
60inches or 5 feet
What is PACM according to OSHA?
Presumed Asbestos Containing Materials, are TSI and surfacing materials in buildings built through 1980 (i.e. or built before 1981).
What is a suspect asbestos-containing material (suspect ACM or SACM)?
Any material based on its looks, age, or use that has not yet been analyzed and proven to not contain asbestos.
Wood, glass, and Metal are exempt.
The type of insurance usually required by the Building owner for the asbestos abatement contractor is?
General Liability and Worker's Compensation Bond
When are you required to calibrate your air pumps?
Before and after the end of each job