Roman History and Literature Course: Key Concepts, Figures, and Themes

These flashcards cover key concepts, figures, and themes from the Roman History and Literature course, focusing on dynasties, significant emperors, philosophical influences, and major events.

What dynasty begins the focus of the Roman History and Literature course?

Julio-Claudian dynasty.

Who was the first emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty?

Augustus.

What shift occurs in the course mid-week?

A shift from history to philosophy, focusing on Seneca.

What is the significance of Ovid's Ars Amatoria published in 2 CE?

It provides insights into life in Augustan Rome.

What perspective does Ovid's text primarily reflect?

The perspective of wealthy, elite, educated males.

What themes are highlighted in Ovid's Ars Amatoria?

Misogyny and problematic sexual ethics.

Who translated Ovid's Metamorphoses in 2022, addressing themes of sexual violence?

Stephanie McCarter.

What ironic tone does Ovid's work convey?

A sardonic and subversive tone.

What does Ovid reject in his poetic intentions?

The epic tradition.

What role does Venus play in Ovid's poem?

She acts as Ovid's guide and guardian.

What does Ovid's attitude toward Augustus represent?

An ambiguous, ironic view.

What major architectural features does Ovid's poem tour?

Improvements made during Augustus' reign.

What did Augustus claim about the transformation of Rome?

He transformed it from a city of brick to one of marble.

Which famous Roman portico is dedicated to Augustus' wife?

Portico of Livia.

Which significant sea battle does Ovid reference?

Battle of Salamis (480 BCE).

What are some indulgences highlighted in Ovid's text about elite life?

Expensive banquets and flowing wine.

What does Augustus' monopolization of triumphs indicate?

He claimed the right to hold triumphs, previously granted by the Senate.

What does the concept of Pax Augustana signify in Ovid's work?

Peace maintained through subjugation.

How does Ovid subvert expectations in his writing?

By suggesting that celebrating Augustus is a means to impress romantic partners.

What significant influence does Agrippa have in Augustus's succession?

He marries Julia to produce biological heirs.

What does Tacitus emphasize in his works?

Historical accuracy and critique of the Julio-Claudian emperors.

Which historical figures provided a different perspective on the Roman Empire through their writings?

Tacitus and Suetonius.

How did the Julio-Claudian dynasty end?

With Nero's death and subsequent chaos in succession.

What is the significance of Vespasian after the Year of Four Emperors?

He brought stability and established the Flavian dynasty.

How did Vespasian address previous failures in imperial governance?

By restoring Senate power and diminishing imperial freedmen's roles.

What was the primary focus of Hadrian's reign as emperor?

Consolidating and defining the empire's frontiers.

How did Hadrian's Wall contribute to Roman governance?

It marked the boundary of the Roman Empire.

What major architectural feature did Hadrian significantly modify?

The Pantheon.

What notable building project did Trajan initiate to commemorate his victory?

The Column of Trajan.

What cultural aspect does Marcus Aurelius promote in his reign?

Stoic philosophy.

What honorable title did Trajan earn shortly after ascending to power?

Optimus Princeps.

What does the term 'Damnatio Memoriae' refer to?

The official condemnation of a person's memory, particularly of disgraced emperors.

How did the construction of theaters and aqueducts promote Roman values?

By providing public amenities and enhancing the quality of life.

What philosophical debate does Pliny the Younger's correspondence with Trajan reflect?

The management of Christianity as a new religious sect.

How did Tacitus view the balance between freedom and imperialism?

He portrays imperialism as a form of oppression while highlighting the quest for individual freedom.

What contrasting perspectives are presented in Tacitus' Agricola?

The perspectives of Roman generals and subjugated peoples like Calgacus.

How did Augustus portray his relationship with the Roman people?

As a ‘first citizen’ rather than an authoritative ruler.

What are the key tenets of Epicurean philosophy?

The pursuit of pleasure, avoidance of pain, and communal living.

In what way did Roman philosophy build upon Greek foundations?

Adopting and adapting Greek schools of thought, including Stoicism and Epicureanism.

What role does the Senate play in times of succession crises in Roman history?

To intervene and appoint emperors, as seen after Domitian's assassination.

What is the central theme of Tacitus' Agricola regarding imperialism?

The complexities of freedom versus oppression experienced by conquered peoples.

What was the outcome of Nero's rule on the Roman Empire?

Marked by tyranny, revolts, and ultimately his suicide.

What made the period of the Five Good Emperors historically significant?

Merit-based succession leading to stability, prosperity, and effective governance.