Chemistry - Chapter 1: Stoichiometry

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Converting from AMU to Grams

1 / 22

23 Terms

1

Converting from AMU to Grams

Divide by Avogadro’s Number

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2

Atomicity

Number of atoms in a molecule (ex. H20 = 3)

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3

Homoatomic vs Heteroatomic

Monoatomic, Diatomic, Polyatomic (No hetero will be mono)

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4

Micromolecules vs Macromolecules

Less than versus greater than 10,000 AMU

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5

Haemoglobin

10,000 atomicity exactly = 68,000x heavier than hydrogen

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6

Ionic Compounds and Giant Molecules use ______

Formula Units (Not Molecules)

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7

Directionality

Ionic is non-directional, Covalent is directional due to Electron Geometry

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8

Atom vs Molecule

Atom is smallest unit of an element, and does not always exist independently - Molecule is the smallest unit of a pure substance, and always exists independently. Molecules can be elements or compounds.

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9

Compounds must have a __ and cannot be separated __

Fixed Ratio, Physically

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10

AMU

Reciprocal of Avogadro’s Number - 1.661x10^-24 g or 10^-27 kg

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11

Carbon-12 is basis of AMU because ____

Relative Atomic Mass is closest to a whole number

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12

AMU vs Nucleon (Sum of Protons and Neutrons)

AMU is not always whole (it is an average of the isotopic nucleons), but Nucleon number is always whole

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13

Quick Lime is also known as ___

Calcium Oxide (CaO)

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14

Order of Ion Mass

Anion > Neutral > Cation

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15

Thermal Order of Anions

Uni-negative is exothermic, Bi- and Tri-negative is Endothermic

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16

Abundancy of Ions by Atomicity

Monoatomic = Cations are more abundant, Polyatomic = Anions are more abundant

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17

Formation of Molecular Ions

Removing or adding an electron by passing a high-energy electron beam or alpha particles (electron-less helium nucleus, 2p2n) through a gas (ex. CH4+, CO+)

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18

Isotopes

Same P, Different N (Same Element)

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19

Isobars

(Same sum of nucleons, Different P)

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20

Isotones

Same A minus Z value (Nucleon Number minus Atomic Number = # of Neutrons), but different A and Z values

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21

Isoelectronic

Same number of electrons (including neutral and atomic molecules)

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22

Molar Volume

22.414dm^3 at 25°C (298K) and 1 ATM

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23

Mole Formulas

v/Vm, g/gmol, Number of Molecules/Avogadro

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