Market Revolution

Sam Slater

Took ideas from England about effectively producing textile, America's first large industry

Eli Whitney

United States inventor of the mechanical cotton gin (1765-1825)

Samuel Morse

United States portrait painter who patented the telegraph and developed the Morse code (1791-1872)

Robert Fulton

American inventor who designed the first commercially successful steamboat and the first steam warship (1765-1815)

Cyrus McCormick

Irish-American inventor that developed the mechanical reaper. The reaper replaced scythes as the preferred method of cutting crops for harvest, and it was much more efficient and much quicker. The invention helped the agricultural growth of America.

John Deer

Invented the steel plow

Immigration 1820-1850

-fills labor demands

Irish: poor, unskilled, Catholic (threat to democracy)

German: left because of politics, skilled workers, easier to assimilate, called the 48ers

Nativism

the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.

Know-Nothing Party

Political party of the 1850s that was anti-Catholic and anti-immigrant (Irish and German)

Cotton Gin

A machine for cleaning the seeds from cotton fibers, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793, revolutionized the cotton-growing industry in the early 1800s

Factory System

A method of production that brought many workers and machines together into one building. Using machines to mass-produce products.

Telegraph

A device that used electrical signals to send messages quickly over long distances, using morse

Lowell Factory System

Factory system where women workers lived and worked in the factory in VERY bad conditions. This took place in Lowell, Massachusetts

Lowell Girls

name given to women who worked in Lowell textile mills. Lived and worked in abusive and unsafe conditions

Commonwealth v. Hunt

Massachusetts Supreme Court decision that strengthened the labor movement by upholding the legality of unions.

Steamboat

A boat propelled by a steam engine, originally called "Fulton's Folly"

Cumberland Road

the first federal road project, construction of which began in 1815; ran from Cumberland, Maryland, to present-day Wheeling, West Virginia

Erie Canal

an artificial waterway connecting the Hudson river at Albany with Lake Erie at Buffalo

Continental Economy

the term used to describe the US economy on the eve of the Civil War in which each region specialized to the benefit of the other regions.

King Cotton

cotton and cotton-growing considered, in the pre-Civil War South, as a vital commodity, the major factor not only in the economy but also in politics.