Computer Components and Architecture

This set of flashcards encompasses key components and concepts related to computer hardware, including storage types, memory, power supply, and various input/output technologies.

Antistatic straps

Worn when working inside computers to prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) that can damage components.

Power supply voltages

The power supply provides three key voltages: 3.3V, 5V, and 12V.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The brain of the computer responsible for processing instructions.

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Temporary storage that holds data and applications while the computer is powered on.

Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)

Maps out where components are located within a computer.

Power On Self Test (POST)

A diagnostic process that checks the hardware during the booting process.

Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)

Stores BIOS settings even when the computer is powered off.

Northbridge

Chip that manages high-speed data between the CPU and RAM or PCIe slots.

Southbridge

Chip that handles slower data operations like USB ports and hard drives.

Error Correction Code memory (ECC)

Type of memory that can detect multiple bit errors and correct single bit errors.

Dynamic RAM (DRAM)

A type of RAM that is volatile and requires constant power to maintain data.

Static RAM (SRAM)

Fastest version of RAM used for cache memory, retains data without power cycles.

Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM)

A circuit board that holds RAM chips and connects to the motherboard.

Solid State Drive (SSD)

A type of storage device that uses flash memory to store data and has no moving parts.

Video Graphics Array (VGA)

An old video connection standard that uses a 15 pin connector.

KVM Switch

Allows control of multiple computers with a single keyboard, monitor, and mouse.

Active cooling

Cooling that requires power to operate, typically using fans.

Passive cooling

Cooling that does not require power, often relying on heat sinks.

Universal Serial Bus (USB)

A standard for connecting peripherals to a computer, available in various speed specifications.