MALE GENITALIA ABNORMALITIES

What is a syphilitic chancre characterized by?

A small, silvery-white papule that develops into a painless red, oval ulceration.

What is the initial presentation of herpes progenitalis?

Clusters of pimple-like, clear vesicles that erupt and become painful ulcers.

What type of STI causes genital warts?

Genital warts are caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV).

What is the appearance of cancer of the glans penis?

It appears as a hardened nodule or ulcer on the glans, and it is painless.

What condition is described as the foreskin that cannot be retracted over the penis tip?

Phimosis.

What happens in paraphimosis?

A retracted foreskin that causes venous congestion and edema of the foreskin.

Where is the urethral meatus located in hypospadias?

Underneath the glans on the ventral side.

What distinguishes episadias from other conditions?

The urethral meatus is located on the dorsal side of the glans.

What does a hydrocele appear like?

As a swelling in the scrotum, usually painless and transilluminating.

What is a key characteristic of a testicular tumor?

It initially presents as a small, firm, nontender nodule on the testis.

What is cryptorchidism?

The failure of one or both testicles to descend into the scrotum.

What can cause swelling and pain in orchitis?

It is associated frequently with mumps and presents with pain, heaviness, and fever.

What indicates small testes in a patient?

Small (<3.5 cm) soft testes can indicate atrophy, while small (<2 cm) firm testes may suggest Klinefelter syndrome.

What is torsion of the spermatic cord?

A very painful condition caused by twisting of the spermatic cord.

What is a varicocele?

An abnormal dilation of veins in the spermatic cord, often described as feeling like a 'bag of worms'.

How is a spermatocele characterized?

As a sperm-filled cystic mass located on the epididymis, which is nontender and movable.

What are external hemorrhoids?

Painless papules caused by varicose veins that can be either internal or external.

What is a perianal abscess?

A cavity of pus caused by infection in the skin around the anal opening, presenting with throbbing pain.

What is an anal fissure?

Splits in the tissue of the anal canal, often associated with intense pain, itching, and bleeding.

What characterizes an anorectal fistula?

A small, round opening in the skin surrounding the anal opening, often preceded by an abscess.

What does rectal prolapse look like?

A red, doughnut-like mass with radiating folds that protrudes out through the anal opening.

What defines a pilonidal cyst?

A congenital disorder characterized by a small dimple or cyst containing hair in the sacrococcygeal area.

What are rectal polyps?

Soft structures that occur in varying sizes and can be either pedunculated or sessile.

What is a common sign of rectal cancer?

Firm nodules, ulcerated nodules with rolled edges, or large, irregularly shaped nodules on rectal palpation.

What does a rectal shelf indicate?

It may indicate metastasis of cancer to the peritoneal cavity, presenting as a nodular, hard structure on the rectum.

What characterizes acute prostatitis?

Swollen, tender, firm, and warm prostate due to a bacterial infection.

What is benign prostatic hypertrophy?

Enlarged, smooth, firm, slightly elastic prostate, commonly seen in men older than 50.

What suggests cancer in the prostate gland?

A hard area or hard, fixed, irregular nodules on the prostate, with the median sulcus possibly not palpable.

What is the common treatment for external hemorrhoids?

Both topical treatments and surgical interventions may be used depending on severity.

What can cause hemorrhoids to become painful?

Thrombus formation or inflammation can make hemorrhoids painful.

What is a common risk factor for developing testicular tumors?

Cryptorchidism is a known risk factor for testicular cancer.

What is the usual age of onset for benign prostatic hypertrophy?

It commonly occurs in men over the age of 50.

What is a common presenting symptom of prostatitis?

Fever, chills, and pelvic pain may present in addition to urinary symptoms.