2.3 - motor learning

motor or environmental

a problem is defined as a problem solving event in which the individual is faced with a _________ or _________ problem and the solution requires an appropriately planned and executed movement

• high novelty skill (cognitive) → familiar skill (automatic)

• adult with multiple comorbidities → child

• injury of degeneration of nervous system → healthy nervous system

what 3 factors apply to this graph going from 1 to 3

• decrease rest breaks

• decrease time between sessions

what are two ways we can increase practice in a PT session

massed

massed or distributed practice:

good for cognitive learners

massed

massed or distributed practice:

good for simple/discrete tasks

distributed (good bc it minimizes fatigue)

massed or distributed practice:

food for complex/dangerous tasks

distributed (allows for processing and reflecting)

massed or distributed practice:

good for associative/automatic learners

massed

massed or distributed practice:

drawback is having more errors - decreased motivation

part

whole or part practice:

recommended for cognitive learners

part

__________ practice is for serial tasks only

whole

whole or part practice:

recommended for associative learners

whole

whole or part practice:

recommended for autonomous learners

whole

whole or part practice:

used with discrete and continuous tasks

whole practice

part practice must be combined with ______________ for optimal motor learning

• physical practice

• mental practice

• observational practice

what are the 3 types of practice that promote optimal motor learning

mental

___________ practice is used when physical practice is not possible or not safe to perform alone

mental

motor priming is a ___________ type of practice

cognitive

observational practice allows for ______________ processing that could not occur simultaneously with physical practice

physical practice

observational practice is optimal if combined with ______________

external

“step over the lines on the floor” is an example of _____________ focus of attention

internal

“hit your heel on the floor first” is an example of _____________ focus of attention

external; helps obtain automatic control trough procedural learning while internal focus disrupts automatic control which degread procedural learning

which is better, internal or external focus of attention? WHY????

ended at instructions