T7 Pathology of Pituitary Gland

pituitary adenoma - location

anterior pituitary gland

pituitary adenoma - what

benign hyperpituitarism

pituitary adenoma - effects

visual field abnormalities (bitemporal hemianopsia), elevated intracranial pressure, occasional hypopituitarism (because compromise remaining gland), pituitary apoplexy

pituitary apoplexy

acute hemorrhage in pituitary gland associated with pituitary adenoma (neovascularization), diabetes, hypertension, anticoagulation drugs, shock, true neurosurgical emergency

pituitary apoplexy - leads to

hypopituitarism, sudden excruciating headache, diplopia, cardiovascular collapse, loss of consciousness, sudden death

sheehan syndrome - what

postpartum necrosis of anterior pituitary gland

sheehan syndrome - pathogenesis

during pregnancy, anterior pituitary enlargement for prolactin secretion > if lose a lot of blood when give birth, reduced blood supply to pituitary > infarction of pituitary gland

sheehan syndrome - clinical presentations

history of pregnancy with huge blood loss, can’t produce prolactin, no lactation

diabetic insipidus - location

posterior pituitary syndrome

diabetic insipidus - what

ADH deficiency

central DI - causes

head trauma, tumor, inflammatory disorders of hypothalamus and pituitary, surgical complications

central DI - clinical presentations

excessive urination (polyuria), thirst, polydipsia, life-threatening dehydration in bedridden