switching to cash crops decreases food supply in LDC’s, native growers earn minimum cash
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What is special about plantation farming?
It’s the only type of commercial farming found in LDC’s
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Where is dairy farming found?
In the milk shed- closest ring outside urban center, northern part of midlatitudes, close proximity to stores due to high perishability
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In what parts of the world can one see dairy farming?
Europe = NW, Alps, USA = NE, Great Lakes, Upper \n Midwest, Pacific NW. SW Australia
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Decribe the labor involved in dairy farming…
labor-intensive due to need for constant attention
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Describe the primary complication with dairy farming
Finding feed during the winter
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Products produced by dairy farming
dairy products
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Effects of modernization on dairy farming
milkshed expansion due to refrigeration and preservatives, now produced in LDC’s primarily
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Where is mixed crop and livestock found?
US between Appalachians and just west of Mississippi River \n (Iowa = center of the “Corn Belt”), North European Plain (between France and Russia), Japan, Transvaal in South Africa
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What is farmer is Dutch?
Boer
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What is most of the land involved in mixed crop and livestock devoted to?
feed growth, and is fertilized by livestock manure
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What are the main crops in mixed crop and livestock?
corn and soybeans
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The effects of modernization of mixed crop and livestock
crop rotation is used, less fields less sallow
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Where does most of the profit for mixed crop and livestock come from?
livestock sales
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Where is grain farming conducted?
areas too dry for other productions, milder winters,
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Where around the world is grain farming found?
N. America = Winter-wheat belt, KS, CO, OK, Dakotas, Montana, Saskatchewan, Pampas (SE South America in Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil), Ukraine, Russia steppe, Australia
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Describe the grain farmng process
heavily mechanized, extensive land use, large farms
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Descrie the grain farming labor force
not uniform, farmer may split year between farms in two \n different belts.
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What crops are produced through grain farming?
wheat is world’s leading export, 1/2 comes from US and Canada
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Effects of modernization on grain farming
crops now sold to manufacturers in MDC’s, US is the largest commercial producer of grains, now for human consumption rather than animal
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LCDS
crop is directly consumed (subsistence wet rice not dominant)
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Where is livestock ranching found?
Western US, Mexico, Australia
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Ranching conflict with sedentary farmers:
Range wars, force ranchers into marginal MDC environments,
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ranching in Australia, NZ (sheep), Europe, (Spain/Portugal), Pampas (Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil)
follows similar pattern of isolation and \n decline due to competition for land with sedentary \n farming
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Land involved in livestock ranching
Extensive in MDC’s, done in specialized parts, land area increased due to irrigation, lowering land costs and increasing farmer profit
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What is produced through livestock ranching?
cattle and beef
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Effects of modernization on livestock ranching
Cattle sent to fattening farms, CAFO’s, often located around highways and railroads, processing is no longer a independent process
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CAFO’s:
concentrated animal feeding operation
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What kind of land is involved in mediterranean farming?
typically on the western coast of land masses, particular climate, sea air, limited moisture, hilly terain
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Where is meditteranean farming found?
Mediterranean coast, Southern California, Chile, \n South Africa and SW Australia
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What kind of land is involved in mediterranean farming?
Dry and requiring massive irrigation,
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What is a majority of mediterranean products devoted to?
Human consumption
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What is produced through mediterranean agriculture?
olives, grapes, wheat, citrus fruit, tree nuts, desiduous fruit
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How has modernization had an effect on mediterannean agriculture?
Loss of land due to competition with other types of agriculture
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Horticulture
the growing of fruits, vegetables and flowers
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Where is commercial gardening and fruit farming primarily found?
SE USA, areas with long growing seasons with \n access to large markets of east coast
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Describe the labor force involved in commercial gardening and fruit farming production
Often undocumented workers due to the possibility of cheap labor, lots of mechanization use
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What is produced through commercial gardening and fruit farming?
fresh produce for farmers markets, Apples, asparagus, cherries, lettuce, mushrooms, tomatoes, some fresh some \n canned
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Effects of modernization on commercial gardening and fruit farming:
Has spread to NE due to decline in dairy farming, has become a trend amongst the wealthier population
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truck farming
another name for commercial gardening and fruit farming, as fresh produce is typically transported by way of truck
Studied by 10 people
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Flashcard (33)