Acids and Alkalis

Flashcards about acids, alkalis, neutralisation and pH scale

What is Neutralisation?

A reaction where an acid and an alkali react to form salt and water.

Give an example of neutralisation

Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide → Sodium chloride + Water

Give three uses of neutralisation

Indigestion tablets, treating acidic soil, wasp & bee stings

What are indicators?

Substances that show whether something is an acid or alkali

Give two examples of indicators.

Litmus paper and universal indicator

What are neutral substances?

Substances that are neither acidic nor alkaline

Give an example of a neutral substance

Pure water

What is the pH Scale?

A scale from 0 to 14 used to measure acidity or alkalinity

What does a pH of 0-6 indicate?

Acidic

What does a pH of 7 indicate?

Neutral

What does a pH of 8-14 indicate?

Alkaline

Name three things that can measure pH levels.

Universal indicator, pH paper, litmus paper

What are alkalis?

Substances with a pH greater than 7

Describe three properties of alkalis

Soapy feel, can be corrosive, turns red litmus paper blue

Alkalis are what?

Soluble bases

Give three examples of alkalis with their common usage

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) - in drain cleaner, Ammonia (NH3) – in window cleaner, Calcium hydroxide - in lime water

What are acids?

Substances with a pH less than 7

Describe three properties of acids

Sour taste, corrosive, turns blue litmus paper red

Give four examples of acids with their common locations.

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) – in stomach, Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) – in batteries, Citric acid – in lemons, Ethanoic acid – in vinegar