Studied by 41 people
amendment 1
five freedoms guaranteed: speech, press, religion, assembly, petition (SPRAP)
speech (amend. 1)
you have the right to say whatever you want, unless it effects other physically (saying unnecessary stuff that aren’t true and could harm others, hateful language, etc)
press (amend. 1)
you have the right to post any news or anything online (to press), without censorship from government.
religion (amend. 1)
you have the right to believe in any religion, or none.
assembly (amend. 1)
you have the right to assemble people together without the government interfering (unless it gets out of hand, take forth, the jan. 6th insurrection)
petition
you have the right to tell government on what you may repeal or not on what they do. you can ‘petition’ on stuff you strongly believe in.
amendment 2
keep and bear arms, provides for ”bearing of arms”
what does bearing of arms mean?
to carry fire arms, keep an arm, may be used for defense
are there any restrictions for carrying a fire arm?
certain weapons are restricted by congress (it differs state to state)
amendment 3
quartering of soldiers
quartering of soldiers (troops)
to house a soldier in your own home
can a person house a soldier?
yes, if they choose to
amendment 4
protects against unreasonable search and seizure
writs of assistances
search warrants
what are 3 things today’s search warrants must include?
what you’re finding, where you’re going, who you’re finding (person, place, thing)
amendment 5
protects the rights of the accused
double jeopardy
you can’t be a put on trial more than once for the same crime
taking the fifth
person doesn’t have to answer (doesn’t have to testify against themselves)
miranda warning
suspect having the right to remain silent
due process of law
guarantee speedy conclusion (concept that government must follow clear rules & act reasonably)
eminent domain
power of government to take private property for public use
indictment
a formal charge/accusation of a serious crime
amendment 6
protects the rights of a person accused of a crime, there are 4 main ones
which rights does amendment 6 protect of a person accused of a crime?
to to question any witnesses, get a lawyer (federal & state courts must provide if can’t hire), to have a speedy * public trial, must have an impartial jury
impartial
not biased
amendment 7
guarantees the right to a trial by jury in civil cases
how many people in jury?
12 members
amendment 8
limits fines, bails and punishments for an accused person
are there limits on punishments?
cannot be ‘cruel & unusual’, and MUST be reasonable
bail
money that an accused person pays to get out of jail
amendment 9
certain rights are in the constitution but that doesn’t mean that these are the only rights that people have nor does it make other rights less important
amendment 10
clarifies the power of the people
what power does the states and/or people have?
all the power that haven’t been specifically denied to the states
amendment 11
citizens of other states or foreign countries cannot sue a state in a federal court
amendment 12
changed the method the president and VP on how they are elected
what is the method that is stated in amendment 12?
nowadays, president and VP run together against others. before, president and VP would be chosen from the vote amount individually. the one with the most votes would be president, 2nd being VP.
amendment 13
abolished slavery and involuntary servitude
what is involuntary servitude?
having to work under someone, gaining no freedom of any such.
amendment 14
clarifies rights of citizens, cancelled the three fifths clause
what was the three-fifth clause?
it stated that out of 5 african americans, only 3 would be counted if there was any voting of such.
amendment 15
men 21 years or older could vote
which 2 groups were not allowed to vote at first?
women & african-american men
what was the standard of the people who could vote?
white, man, rich/wealthy, landowner
amendment 16
allows congress to pass and collect taxes
how is the amount of tax for each person determined?
how much a person makes
does everyone have the same amount of tax?
no, it depends on the earnings & income of each person
amendment 17
allows for the direction election of senators
what does the senator represent?
senators represent the state and/or people, they must listen to the people in the state who vote for them
amendment 18
forbade the production, sale and transport of alcoholic beverages
why was amendment 18 made in the first place?
after war, many men didn’t have jobs becoming unstable. but people thought men that kept on drinking was the whole issue, so they decided to put a ban to alcoholic beverages.
by which passage (amendment) was 18 repealed?
amendment 21
amendment 19
granted women the right to vote
suffrage
the right to vote
how old did the women have to be to vote
21 years or older
amendment 20
lame duck amendment
lame duck
incumbent who wasn’t reelected or didn’t run for reelection
incumbent
elected official
what day is the day for the inauguration of the president of the united states?
january 20th (saturday). if sunday, then january 21st
what day does congress meet each year?
january 3rd
amendment 21
repealed the 18th amendment (only amendment to ever be repealed)
repeal
cancel an act or law
amendment 22
limits the president and VP to 2 full terms
how many years can a president serve if they take over another president’s term that is less than half the term?
10 years
amendment 23
allows the citizens of washington dc to vote for the president of the usa
when was amendment 23 changed?
1961, but should’ve been changed in 1940’s for it to be more effective
amendment 24
prohibits poll taxes in federal elections
what is a poll tax?
fee that a voter must pay in order to vote, mostly in the souther states
why was poll tax a thing in the first place?
to keep african americans away from voting.
amendment 25
provides for who will replace the president and/or VP if they cannot serve
who replaces the president?
VP
who replaces the VP?
president is allowed to choose but they must be approved by 2/3 (majority) of the congress
amendment 26
gave 18 year olds the fight to vote.
why did amendment 26 happen?
people noticed that 18 year olds were drafted, but weren’t allowed to vote.
drafted
to be taken to fight for war (or generically stating: to be taken to another place)
amendment 27
states that if congress gives themselves a raise in salary that raise cannot go into effect until after the next election
why did amendment 27 happen?
to stop congress and president’s to gain power over and over again
Note 
Flashcard (43)