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agreement from the Yalta Conference that was violated
Stalin would allow free elections in Eastern European nations under Soviet control.
United Nations
an alliance of nations that attempts to end disputes between countries peacefully
iron curtain
division between Soviet controlled countries and the Western world.
original purpose of the United Nations
conflict resolution
Cold War
Soviet Union and the United States were enemies, but no official war took place.
containment
the U.S. hoped to prevent the expansion of the Soviet Union's influence around the world.
Truman Doctrine
policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism
G.I. Bill of Rights
Law Passed in 1944 to help returning veterans buy homes and pay for higher education
Elenaor Roosevelt
Became an active public figure by holding press conferences, making speeches, and writing newspaper columns.
Korea
was controlled by Japan before World War II, and divided between China and the United States after the war.
Marshall Plan
the idea that the U.S. could help rebuild war-torn Europe with loans and other economic aid
President Truman
sent American air and sea forces to South Korea to give the South Korean government troops cover and support.
prevented a quick U.S. victory in Korea
Just when it seemed North Korea would be successfully invaded, China sent hundreds of thousands of soldiers across the border to join the North Korean army.
Korean War
ended in 1953 with North and South Korea once again divided near the 38th parallel.
Dwight D. Eisenhower
said the first task of his administration would be to end the Korean War
blacklisted
Many of Hollywood actors accused of having Communist ties in the late 1940s were
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
were accused of providing secrets to Soviet spies about the atomic bomb.
"duck and cover" drills of the 1950s
show Americans' fear of a hydrogen bomb attack.
the launch of Sputnik in 1957
made the U.S. government fear the Soviet Union would launch missiles at America from outer space.
Sputnik
October, 1957 - The world's first artificial satellite sent into space, launched by the Soviets.
Brinkmanship
the willingness to come close to war to stop the spread of communism.
Joseph McCarthy
A U.S. senator from Wisconsin, he led investigations into the spread of communism in American society and within the government itself. He was eventually discredited when he could produce no evidence.
A crisis in Egypt over the Suez Canal
Cold War crisis that pushed the world to the brink of World War III
Southern and Western states
Many American businesses in the 1950s moved because tax rates were low in these states.
Federal Urban Renewal Program
focused on improving city services and urban housing.
Television
had the greatest impact on American popular culture in the 1950s
beatniks
criticized the values of mainstream America.
Mao Zedong
Communist leader of China, he defeated a nationalist army for control of China.
journalists
labeled rock 'n' roll as immoral in the 1950s
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
an alliance of Western powers