Community Health Assessment (CHA)

Community Health Assessment (CHA) key purposes

It refers to a state, tribal, local, or territorial health assessment that identifies key health needs & issues through systematic, comprehensive data collection & analysis

• a systematic process used to describe the health status, needs, & resources of a community

Community Health Assessment (CHA) methods

1. Mapping & spatial analysis

2. descriptive analysis

3. literature reviews

4. inferential analyses (multi lvl, longitudinal, quasi-experimental, & experimental)

5. qualitative in-depth (key informants) & focus group interviews

6. systematic observation

7. photo voice or oral history

Community Health Assessment (CHA) data sources

1. Mortality

2. Morbidity

3. Demographics & Social Environment

4. Physical Environment

CHA goals

• Identify priority issues for health improvement

• Develop & implement programs & policies to address priority issues

• Motivate community to act on priority issues

• Develop outcome measures

• Tack results

• GO DEEP

CHA Casual Models

1. Mapping & spatial analysis

2. Descriptive Analysis

3. Literature Reviews

Show both pos & neg health outcomes

• include facilitators & barriers to outcomes at multiple lvls & over time

Where does CHA Data come from?

Six S’s of Quantitative Sources of Pop Health Data

1. Single Case or Small Case Series

2. Viral statistics

   • reportable disease lile births & deaths

3. Surveys & Samples

   • NHIS, NHANES, etc.

4. Self-reporting

   • reporting by doctors, patient, participants, etc.

5. Sentinel surveillance

   • system that closely monitors specific areas to improve particular disease surveillance through passive surveillance systems

6. Syndromic surveillance

   • real-time data from various sources like signs & symptoms, etc.