gram negative bacteria (chapter 11)

(6) classes of gram negative bacteria

alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon proteobacteria

alphaproteobacteria

environmental microbes (not pathogenic), nitrogen fixers, purple non-sulfur phototrophs

Rickettsia

Pathogenic alphaproteobacteria, transmitted through bite of a bug

brucella

Pathogenic betaproteobacteria causes brucellosis

Neisseria

Pathogenic betaproteobacteria, Inhabits mucous membranes of mammals, Causes numerous diseases like gonnorea

Bordetella

- Pathogenic betaproteobacteria
- causes pertussis

what is the Largest and most diverse class of proteobacteria

gammaproteobacteria

Glycolytic facultative anaerobes

Largest group of gammaproteobacteria, Catabolize carbohydrates by glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway

Pseudomonads

Break down numerous organic compounds, notable for its polar flagella (causes urinary tract, ear, and lung infections)

Gram-Negative Deltaproteobacteria

Desulfovibrio, Bdellovibrio, Myxobacteria

Gram-Negative Epsilonproteobacteria

Important genera include: Campylobacter, Gastroenteritis, Helicobacter

Chlamydias

Grow intracellularly in mammals, birds, and some invertebrates

Chlamydia trachomatis

Most common sexually transmitted bacteria in theUnited States, Common cause of blindness in developing countries

Spirochetes

Motile bacteria that move in a corkscrew motion, Have diverse metabolism and habitats

Treponema pallidum

Syphilis, yews

Borrelia burgdorferi

Lyme disease

Bacteroids

Inhabit digestive tracts of humans and animals. good bacteria but some cause infection