IB History HL Historiography Flashcards

Flashcards covering key historians and their interpretations of various historical topics for IB History HL.

Robert Conquest

Traditionalist historian who viewed Stalin as a paranoid tyrant.

Isaac Deutscher

Revisionist historian who argued Stalin rose due to structural weaknesses in the Bolshevik system.

Sheila Fitzpatrick

Revisionist/Social historian who emphasized the role of the people and bureaucracy in Stalin's regime.

A.J.P. Taylor

Revisionist historian who saw Hitler as an opportunist and WWII as not inevitable.

Ian Kershaw

Structuralist historian who described Nazi Germany as functioning through “working toward the Führer”.

Richard Evans

Intentionalist historian who believed Hitler had a consistent ideological vision.

Jung Chang and Jon Halliday

Historians who portrayed Mao as a brutal dictator in 'Mao: The Unknown Story'.

Ross Terrill

Historian who argued Mao was driven by ideology but often reckless.

Mobo Gao

Historian who offers a sympathetic view of Mao, arguing he had genuine support.

Sebastian Balfour

Historian who emphasizes Castro’s nationalism.

Marifeli Pérez-Stable

Historian who focuses on Castro’s pragmatic policy shifts.

Howard Zinn

Historian who focuses on grassroots movements in the African American Civil Rights Movement.

Taylor Branch

Biographer of MLK, emphasizing strategic leadership.

Eric Foner

Historian who shows how federal government responses were limited by political pressure.

Donald Fixico

Historian who critiques U.S. federal policy regarding Indigenous Rights.

Philip Deloria

Historian who explores Native American identity.

Betty Friedan

Author of 'The Feminine Mystique', cited as launching second-wave feminism.

Estelle Freedman

Historian who emphasizes intersectionality in feminism.

Marcela Lagarde

Latin American feminist scholar who criticizes patriarchal state violence.

Carlos Muñoz Jr.

Historian who highlights student activism in the Chicano Movement.

Lorena Oropeza

Historian who shows how gender and nationalism shaped the Chicano movement.