Studied by 2 peopleElectron
a negatively charged subatomic particle
HF
Name compound for hydrogen fluoride
CaCO3
Name compound for calcium carbonate
H2
Out these gasses which will diffuse fastest? (H2, CH4, + C3H8)
Density
The ratio of mass to volume
Pb
Atomic symbol of lead
Diffusion
Process that causes one substance to mix completely with another, such as dye mixing with water.
3H2 (g) + N2 (g) ---> 2NH3 (g)
Balance: H2 (g) + N2 (g) ---> NH3 (g)
2Al (s) + 6hcl (aq) ---> 2AlCl3 (aq) + 3H2
Balance: Al (s) + HCl (aq) ---> AlCl3 (aq) + H2 (g)
The volume decreases until it becomes 0 Kelvins
According to ideal gas laws, what happens when a gas is cooled to absolute zero at constant pressure?
Water freezing, Ice melting, and water evaporating
Name 3 types of physical properties
C5H7
Empirical formula of beta carotene
Open ended manometer
1,000
List an example of chemical change
Browning meat
Three fewer electrons than a neutral gold atom
How many electrons does Gold III have?
Gas molecules are in constant motion, undergo elastic collisions, are directly related to temperature, are far apart, and have a neglible attraction
List all 5 steps of the Assumption of the Kinetic Theory of Matter.
Significant figures
Rules of _________ _____________: *Zeros between digits (6,053) are significant *Zeros after a decimal are significant (8.9007) *Zeros at the beginning of a number are NOT significant (078) *Zeros at the end of a nondecimal number are NOT significant (31,990)
Avogadro's Law
States the molar volume of a gas is constant if equal volumes of gases at constant temperatures and pressures contain equal numbers of molecules.
Combination reaction
Name reaction: A + B ---> AB
Decomposition reaction
AB ---> A + B
Single displacement reaction
A + BC ---> B + AC
Double displacement reaction
Name reaction: AB + CD ---> AD + BC
CuCl2
name copper chloride as a compound
Nucleus
Central part of an atom
Accuracy
How close a measurement is to the exact value
Liquid state of matter
When particles have enough kinetic energy to move freely, but not enough to overcome their attraction for each other, what state is this?
Pressure
Amount of force exerted upon a surface per unit of area
Barometer
Instrument used to measure the atmospheric pressure of the earth
-273.15 kelvins and 760 torr
Name the temperature that equals 0 Kelvins
10^-6 seconds
Microsecond
Hypothesizing
Step of the scientific method in which you develop an idea about how something works
Carbon 12
The isotope where the atomic mass unit is defined relative to
760 torr
The standard atmosphere equals what?
Atomic number
Number of protons in an atom
1 torr
What does one millimeter of mercury equal?
Quarks
Protons and neutrons are composed of even smaller particles called?
Avogadro's number
Link between the microscopic and macroscopic levels of chemistry
Si
Atomic symbol for Silicon
15 dm
1.5 m equals?
5.3 kg
5300 g equals?
Science of extracting metals from their ores and preparing them for use is known as
metallurgy
Substances that dissolve in water to produce ions that can conduct an electrical current
electrolytes
The effect of changes on equilibrium systems is described by what principle
Le Chatelier's
The study of reaction rates and pathways
chemical kinetics
activation energy
Minimum kinetic energy that a molecule must possess to undergo a chemical reaction is the
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the reaction is a
catalyst
Most abundant element in the universe
hydrogen
Protium, deuterium and tritium are common names for what
hydrogen isotopes
Gas found in air that is necessary for the survival of humans and animals
Oxygen
Halogen used in dental hygiene and in the manufacture of refrigerants
florine
Extracted from petroleum and natural gas by the claus process
sulfur
Halogen used in the disinfection of drinking water and the synthesis of medicines, crop - protection chemicals, and pvc plastics.
chlorine
Noble gas used as a lifting gas in airships and weather balloons,
helium
Extracted from the air and used to make artificial fertilizers and explosives
nitrogen
Ozone is an allot rope of this element
oxygen
Exists in an unstable white allot rope and a more stable red allot rope; used to make matches and some fertilizers
phosphorus
Alkali metal found in lye, washi g soda, baking soda and table salt
sodium
Cheapest and most widely used metal, also the 2nd most abundant metal in the earth's crust
iron
Precious metal used in automotive and industrial catalysts
platinum
Metal most commonly refined by means of blast furnaces
iron
Metal used in electrical wiring and as a component of brass and bronze
copper
Lightweight metal widely used to make aircraft, spacecraft, and beverage cans; the most abundant metal in the earth's crust
aluminum
Most malleable and ductile metal known
gold
Most common semi metal; found in computer chips, glads, and sand
Silicon
Alkaline earth metal that helps compose limestone, slaked lime, and cement
calcium
Diluting reactant concentrations WOULD or WOULD NOT increase the rate of a chemical reaction
would not
A solution that contains as much dissolved solute as possible under equilibrium conditions is said to be?
saturated
True or false: A catalyst increases the reaction rate by lowering the reaction's activation energy.
true
solvent
In a solution of sodium chloride in water, water is the?
The flow of solvent through a semipermeable membrane from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution is called
osmosis
A mixture of 2 or more metals, usually melted together, is a(n)
alloy
If the temperature of a chemical reaction is increased from 20°C to 30°C, we would ordinarily expect the reaction rate to?
double
The theory that when 2 molecules collide and chemically react they form a short-lived activated complex before breaking apart to form the products is the ? theory.
transition state
The rate of a chemical reaction is usually measured as
The change in concentration of a substance over an amount of time
Rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal is called
equilibrium
A mixture containing tiny clumps or particles that remain suspended within the mixture and will not settle out is a/an
Colloids
What's the most abundant element in the universe and its isotopes?
hydrogen
What's used in dental hygiene
fluorine
What's the science of extracting metals from their ores and preparing them for use
metallurgy
what's the most malleable?
gold
substances being dissolved in solution
solute
whats on way to diffuse/semipermeate
osmosis
most abundant element
oxygen
most versatile elements(crop...)
chlorine
most commonly refined, blast furnace
iron
alloy with mercury for dentistry for teeth fillings
silver
substance that dissolves
solvent
colloids
mixture with tiny clumps or particles remain suspended
forms of the same element that differ in their properties but exist in the same physical state?
allotropy
noble gas is used for lighting gas
helium
mixture of two or more metals
alloy
most abundant element of metal
iron
how does increasing temp effect solubility of gas in a liquid?
decreases
2 parts of chem. kinematics
pathway and reaction rate
as a rule of thumb, by 10 degrees
increases
what alkali is found in baking soda
sodium
what states that a given temp the equilibrium of concentration of a dissolved gas is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas?
Henry's law
atmospheric oxygen and ozone
what are 2 allotropes of oxygen
what method is used to extract sulfur from petroleum and natural gas?
Claus Process
what semi-metal is found in glass and computer chips?
silicon
Note 
Flashcard (53)