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Poetry
A form of literary art which uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meanings.
Scansion
The analysis of a poem's meter, determining the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.
Fixed Form (Closed Form)
Poems with prescribed structure, including specific rhyme schemes, meter, and line lengths.
Free Verse
Poetry without a regular meter, rhyme scheme and with varying line length
Open Form
Poetry that does not follow a regular pattern of rhyme, meter, and line length
Caesura
A short pause within a line of poetry, often signaled by punctuation
Enjambment
Running over from one line to the next without stoping
End Rhyme
Rhyme occurring at the end of lines, providing structure and musicality to the poem.
Internal Rhyme
Rhyme occurring within a single line of poetry, enhancing its musical and rhythmic quality.
Slant/Near Rhyme
A near rhyme or half rhyme, where the sounds are similar but not identical, adding complexity to the poem.
Eye Rhyme
Words that look like they should rhyme due to their spelling, but are pronounced differently.
Rhyme Scheme
The pattern of rhymes at the end of each line in a poem, contributing to its structure and form.
Iamb (Iambic)
A metrical foot consisting of two syllables, with the first unstressed and the second stressed.
Trochee (Trochaic)
A metrical foot consisting of two syllables, with the first stressed and the second unstressed.
Anapest (Anapestic)
A metrical foot consisting of three syllables, with the first two unstressed and the third stressed.
Dactyl (Dactylic)
A metrical foot consisting of three syllables, with the first stressed and the next two unstressed.
Spondee (Spondaic)
A metrical foot consisting of two stressed syllables
Pyrrhic (Pyrrhic)
A metrical foot consisting of two unstressed syllables
Dimeter
A line of verse consisting of two metrical feet
Trimeter
A line of verse consisting of three metrical feet
Tetrameter
A line of verse consisting of four metrical feet
Pentameter
A line of verse consisting of five metrical feet
Hexameter
A line of verse consisting of six metrical feet
Heptameter
A line of verse consisting of seven metrical feet
Octameter
A line of verse consisting of eight metrical feet
(Italian) Petrarchan Sonnet
A sonnet form consisting of an octave with the rhyme scheme abba abba, followed by a sestet.
Spenserian Sonnet
A sonnet form consisting of three quatrains with the rhyme scheme abab bcbc cdcd ee.
Shakespearian Sonnet
A sonnet form consisting of three quatrains and a final couplet, with the rhyme scheme abab cdcd efef gg.
Auditor
The person that the speaker is speaking to
Speaker
The person who is saying the poem
Quatrain
4 line stanza
Octave
8 line stanza
Sestet
6 line stanza
Couplet
2 line stanza
Alliteration
Repetition of initial consonant sounds
Stanza
A group of lines in a poem
Poetic Foot
Basic unit of poetic meter
Iambic Pentameter
Poetic meter that has 5 metrical feet, each feet's first syllable is unstressed and then second stressed.
Alexandrine
A 12-syllable verse with 6 iambs and a caesura after the third iamb
Anadiplosis
Word at the end of one line is repeated at the beginning of the next line
Apostrophe
Directly addressing an absent person or quality
Assonance
Repetition of similar vowel sounds with different consonants
Conceit
Elaborate analogy showing parallel between dissimilar things
Consonance
Repetition of similar consonant sounds in stressed syllables
Ekphrasis
A poem that provides a vivid description of a scene or work of art
Elegy
(1) Formal lament on death, focusing on grief and reflection
(2) any lyric in a sorrowful mood that talks about death
Epistrophe
Repetition of a word or phrase at the end of clauses
Narrative Poem
Poem telling a story or narrative
Ode
Serious lyric poem without a prescribed pattern
Onomatopoeia
Word capturing the sound of what it describes
Refrain
Repeated phrase or sentence at intervals in a poem
Masculine rhyme
Rhyme falling on the stressed syllable
Rhyme Royal
Seven-line stanza of iambic pentameter rhymed ababbcc
Terza Rima
Three-line stanza rhymed aba, bcb, cdc, etc.
Sestina
Elaborate verse structure written in blank verse, six stanzas of six lines each followed by a three line stanza.
Final words in the first stanza is repeated in the middle and end of the three lines in the final stanza
Villanelle
Verse form that has 19 lines divided into 5 tercets and 1 quatrain. Some lines are repeated.
Ballad
Verse narrative meant to be sung, often with refrains and repetition
Limerick
Humorous verse form with anapestic lines and specific rhyme scheme
Tercet
Three-line stanza with lines ending in the same rhyme
Quintain
Five-line stanza of verse
Feminine Rhyme
Rhyme of two syllables, one stressed and one unstressed. Sometimes called double rhyme.
Meter
The repetition of a regular rhythmic unit in a line of poetry.
Lyric Poem
Any short poem that presents a single speaker who expresses thoughts and feelings.
Extended Metaphor
An implied analogy, or comparison, that is carried throughout a stanza or an entire poem.
End-Stopped
A line with a pause at the end, ends with a punctuation
Allusion
A brief, often implicit and indirect reference within a literary text to something outside the text
Monometer
One foot per line
Rhythm
Modulation of stressed and unstressed elements in the flow of speech, often expressed in meter.
Sonnet
Usually a 14 line iambic pentameter poem
Anaphora
A word or group of words is repeated at the beginning of clauses
Blank meter/verse
An un-rhyming verse written in iambic pentameter.
Note 
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