The Great War Study Guide

"The United States will never again seek one additional foot of territory by conquest."

quote by Woodrow Wilson

Woodrow Wilson's Caribbean and Central American Policy

 Wilson intervened on several occasions in those countries

The Limits of American Neutrality

just because the U.S. Declared itself neutral, didn’t mean that it did not trade with both sides

"He kept us out of the war"

Wilson’s 1916 campaign slogan

Zimmermann Telegram

insighted the west against the German government - German gov. promised to give part of the U.S. to Mexico

American mobilization

American army increased tenfold in less than two years

Woodrow Wilson's Railroad Policies

outlawed all competition in the railroad industry and nationalized the railroads

Germany at the Peace Conference

not allowed to participate 

Treaty of Versailles

considered to be one of the most unjust and harsh treaties in world history

The United States and the League of Nations

although Wilson campaigned for it, the U.S. never joined it

William Jennings Bryan

U.S. Secretary of State during WW1

Porfirio Diaz

Mexican dictator from 1876 - 1911

Herbert Hoover

administrator of the food administration

Victoriano Huerta

had one of the most grotesque tyrannies in Mexican history

Henry Cabot Lodge

U.S. Senator who opposed the treaty of Versailles

John J. Pershing

American General who led U.S. Troops in ww1

Pancho Villa

Mexican bandit leader who raided a New Mexico border town 

Wilhelm II

German ruler who drew England into the war by invading Belgium

Woodrow Wilson

declared that the world must be made safe for democracy

Alvin C. York

Christian who won the medal of honor in New York for WW1

Allies

refers to the nations that opposed Germany in WW1

Argonne

offensive on which American troops launched a costly attack

Armistice

truce ending WW1

Central Powers

refers to Germany and its allies during WW1

Chateau-Thierry

battle where American troops fought to stop the German offensive

League of Nations

peacetime association of nations that sought to prevent war

Lusitania

passenger liner the Germans sunk, killing many Americans

Sussex pledge

American commitment to oppose Germany if it continued submarine warfare 

Schenk vs. United States

established the right to limit free speech during wartime

1917

the year the U.S. entered WW1

Doughboys

term used to refer to American soldiers in WW1

November 11, 1918

date that the Germans signed an armistice ending WW1

"war-guilt" clause

name given to the clause in the peace treaty making Germany responsible for the war

war reparation payments

an unreasonable economic demand that Britain and France imposed on Germany in the Treaty of Versailles

Assassination (Murder) of the Archduke Ferdinand

sparked WW1

Austrian Ultimatum and Declaration of War against Serbia

event which set all other events into motion starting the war

Schlieffen Plan

German plan to defeat France quickly and then attack Russia

The Invasion of Belgium

event which brought Great Britain into WW1

U-Boat/Submarine Warfare

greatest contributing factor in America’s entry into WW1

Selective Service Act

had, as its main provision, a military service draft

Espionage and Sedition Act

ad, as its most controversial provision, a ban on the criticism of the war effort

"a clear and present danger”

refers to a famous phrase from the Schenck decision

The Fourteen Points

included, among other things, a call for a League of Nations

“ace of aces'“

nickname of the American fighter pilot, Eddie Rickenbacker

Self-determination

key plank in the Fourteen Points that was included in the Treaty of Versailles

David Lloyd George

attended the Versailles peace conference and pledged to “squeeze them, til the pips squeak”

What was "Hooverizing" and how did it relate to Herbert Hoover's efforts to provide food for American forces during the Great War?

• Food administration was formed to handle the distribution of food and fuel to support the war effort

• Hoover was chosen for the capability he displayed in administering humanitarian relief efforts

• Hooverizing itself refers specifically to efforts to get Americans to sacrifice food for the war effort; ex: Meatless Mondays, Wheatless Wednesdays

• He also encouraged American citizens to raise what he called “liberty gardens” (growing your own crops)

What was the difference between the "irreconcilables" and the "reservationists" over the Treaty of Versailles?

• irreconcilable were opposed to the Treaty of Versailles on any basis whatsoever (no matter what)

• Reservationists (led by Herny Cabot Lodge) said that they would ratify the treaty only if certain reservations were attached to it such as retaining the authority of Congress to declare war