Italian Fascism - Nazism - Stalinism

Totalitarianism

A system where the government has complete control over all aspects of life (politics, media, economy, and even private life).

Black Shirts

Groups of loyal followers of Benito Mussolini who used violence and intimidation to support fascism in Italy.

 March on Rome

An event where Benito Mussolini and his supporters marched to take power in Italy, leading to Mussolini becoming leader.

Mein Kampf

A book written by Adolf Hitler explaining his ideas, including racism, antisemitism, and German expansion.

Enabling Act

A law that allowed Adolf Hitler to make laws without parliament, giving him total power in Germany.

Nuremberg Laws

Laws in Nazi Germany that discriminated against Jews, taking away their rights and citizenship.

War Communism

An economic system used by Vladimir Lenin during the Russian Civil War where the state controlled all industry and took food from peasants.

New Economic Policy (NEP)

A policy by Vladimir Lenin that allowed some private business and trade to help the economy recover.

Collectivisation

A policy under Joseph Stalin where small farms were combined into large state-owned farms.

Kulaks

Wealthier peasants in the Soviet Union who owned land and livestock and were targeted by Stalin.

Holodomor

A man-made famine in Ukraine (1932–33) caused by Stalin’s policies, leading to millions of deaths.