Nutr 420- 5. Glucosinolates and Sulfur Compounds

Glucosinolates and Sulfur Compounds

major sources

Cruciferous Vegetables

Smelly and pungent

Glucosinolates and Sulfur Compounds

major sources

Cruciferous Vegetables

Smelly and pungent

Cohort study showed inverse association between cruciferous vegetables & bladder cancer

Cruciferous- risk was half

Cruciferae Brassica

Important compounds include:

5

Glucosinolates

Major Sources:

function

Sinalbin, Sinigrin, Progoitrin

Conversion of glucosinolates to isothiocyanates by plant myrosinase.

Isothiocyanates

Compounds include:

Mechanism(s)

Carcinogenesis

Many carcinogens get activated by phase 1 enzymes phase two kick them out. We want phase two

Phase 2 Enzymes

Isothiocyanates inhibit phase I enzymes and induce phase II enzymes

Transcription factor nrk2 gets released form keap 1 then goes to nucleus. The isothiocyaniates act to bind to keep 1 and release it and cause phase 2 enzymes– antioxidant

Reversible reaction of sulforaphane with Keap1 cysteine sulfhydryl groups. The asterisk indicates the isothiocyanate electrophilic carbon.

They way they act- keap 1 has a cystine which it wants and attaches

How phytochemicals reduce cancer risk-6

Indoles

examples and mechanisms

Tryptophan is an indole

indole enzyme

Bioavailability

of indoles

So if you cook broccoli too much- decrease bioavailability

Dithiolthiones

End of cruciferous veg

Allyl Sulfides

what are they

what do they do

 Allicin

 Allicin mech

Conclusions and Recommendations

EAT YOUR BROCCOLI WITH RED WINE AND GRAPE JUICE!!

problem with charcol burger

Benzo[a]pyrene activation and DNA adduct formation

metabolism of PAH in the liver

French Fries: What happens to the oil used in deep fryers?

Stages of carcinogenesis

issue with meal 1

Role of Phytochemicals in Cancer