G11 (1MS) Oral Comm: Elements of Communication & Different Types of Communication

- Sender

- Receiver

- Message

- Channel

- Noise

- Feedback

6 Elements of Communication

Sender

the originator of the message in the communication process, and who encodes the message

Receiver

the person who receives and decodes the message

encoder

someone who converts thoughts into messages

decoder

someone who converts messages into thoughts

Message

the information transmitted by the sender

Channel

the medium through which the message is sent

(ex. telephone, mail, radio, social media, etc.)

Noise

anything that interferes with, distorts, or slows down the transmission of information

(ex. lag, surroundings, etc.)

Feedback

the receiver's response to a message

- Aristotle's Model of Communication

- Lasswell's Model of Communication

- Shannon & Weaver's Model of Communication

- Berlo's/Sender-Message-Channel-Receiver (SMCR) Model of Communication

- Schramm's Model of Communication

- Wood's/Transactional Model of Communication

6 Types of Models of Communication

Aristotle's Model of Communication

- elements: speaker > receiver > (for an occasion) > message > effect

- linear

- used for: special events, public speaking & spreading propaganda

- speaker focused

- no idea of noise

- no feedback loop

Lasswell's Model of Communication

- elements: sender > message > channel > receiver > effect

- linear

- used for: mass communication & spreading propaganda

- speaker focused

- no idea of noise

- no feedback loop

Shannon & Weaver's Model of Communication

- elements: source > (message) > transmitter > noise > receiver > (messgae) > deisstination

- linear

- shows technical process of communication

- no f2f communication

- signal transmission (through devices)

- arrival of noise

- no feedback loop

Schramm's Model of Communication-

- elements: sender > message (could be affected by noise) > receiver > feedback (back to the sender, and the cycle continues)

- two-ray process

- used in: debates & court hearings

- communication cannot be achieved if both the sender and receiver don't have the same field of experience

- arrival of feedback loop

- listening is an important factor

Berlo's/Sender-Message-Channel-Reciever (SMCR) Model of Communication

- elements: sender > message > channel > receiver

- linear

- no feedback loop

- no idea of noise

- focuses on equal level of sender's knowledge and skills

- doesn't account for negative barriers in language

- doesn't include f2f convo

- accounts the internal effects of each element (ex. culture)

Wood's/Transactional Communication Model

- decoder/encoder (w. field of experience) > message (can be affected by noise) > decoder/encoder (w. field of experience) and this continues again and again

- field of experience is important

- context is needed as well

- includes non-verbal communication

- focuses on f2f interactions

- has feedback loop

- has noise

- expresses dynamic relationships